Rager Stephanie L, Zeng Melody Y
Gale and Ira Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Microorganisms. 2023 Feb 27;11(3):597. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030597.
There has been growing interest in the complex host-microbe interactions within the human gut and the role these interactions play in systemic health and disease. As an essential metabolic organ, the liver is intimately coupled to the intestinal microbial environment via the portal venous system. Our understanding of the gut-liver axis comes almost exclusively from studies of adults; the gut-liver axis in children, who have unique physiology and differing gut microbial communities, remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of common pediatric hepatobiliary conditions and recent studies exploring the contributions of the gut microbiota to these conditions or changes of the gut microbiota due to these conditions. We examine the current literature regarding the microbial alterations that take place in biliary atresia, pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Wilson's disease, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and viral hepatitis. Finally, we propose potential therapeutic approaches involving modulation of the gut microbiota and the gut-liver axis to mitigate the progression of pediatric liver disease.
人们对人体肠道内复杂的宿主-微生物相互作用以及这些相互作用在全身健康和疾病中所起的作用越来越感兴趣。作为一个重要的代谢器官，肝脏通过门静脉系统与肠道微生物环境紧密相连。我们对肠-肝轴的了解几乎完全来自于对成年人的研究；而儿童的肠-肝轴，由于其独特的生理机能和不同的肠道微生物群落，仍知之甚少。在此，我们全面概述了常见的儿科肝胆疾病以及近期探索肠道微生物群对这些疾病的影响或因这些疾病导致的肠道微生物群变化的研究。我们审视了目前关于胆道闭锁、儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病、威尔逊氏病、囊性纤维化、炎症性肠病和病毒性肝炎中发生的微生物改变的文献。最后，我们提出了潜在的治疗方法，涉及调节肠道微生物群和肠-肝轴以减轻儿科肝病的进展。
