Department of Textile Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Faisalabad Campus, Lahore 38000, Pakistan.
School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
Molecules. 2023 Mar 20;28(6):2802. doi: 10.3390/molecules28062802.
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are most effective against pathogens and have widely been studied as antibacterial agents in commodity clothing, medical textile, and other hygiene products. However, prolonged utilization of silver and rapid mutation in bacterium stains has made them resistant to conventional silver agents. On the other hand, strict compliance against excessive utilization of toxic reagents and the current sustainability drive is forcing material synthesis toward green routes with extended functionality. In this study, we proposed an unprecedented chemical-free green synthesis of bioactive Ag-NPs without the incorporation of any chemicals. Cinnamon essential oil (ECO) was used as a bio-reducing agent with and without the mediation of lime extract. A rapid reaction completion with better shape and size control was observed in the vicinity of lime extract when incorporated into the reaction medium. The interaction of natural metabolites and citrus compounds with nanoparticles was established using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The application of as-prepared nanoparticles on textiles encompasses extended bioactivity to treated fabric with infused easy-care performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of utilizing bioactive silver nanoparticles as a functional finish, both as an antimicrobial and as for easy care in the absolute absence of toxic chemicals. The easy-care performance of fabric treated with lime-mediated nanoparticles was found to be 141, which is around 26% better than bare cotton without any significant loss in fabric strength. Furthermore, to enlighten the sustainability of the process, the development traits were mapped with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which show significant influence on SDGs 3, 8, 9, and 14. With the effective suspension of microorganisms, added functionality, and eco-mapping with SDGs with the chemical-free synthesis of nanoparticles, widespread utilization can be found in various healthcare and hygiene products along with the fulfillment of sustainability needs.
银纳米粒子（Ag-NPs）对病原体最有效，已广泛研究作为商品服装、医用纺织品和其他卫生产品中的抗菌剂。然而，银的长期使用和细菌菌株的快速突变使它们对传统的银制剂产生了耐药性。另一方面，严格遵守禁止过度使用有毒试剂的规定和当前的可持续性驱动，迫使材料合成向具有扩展功能的绿色路线发展。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种前所未有的无化学绿色合成生物活性 Ag-NPs 的方法，无需加入任何化学物质。肉桂精油（ECO）被用作生物还原剂，可在没有石灰提取物的情况下使用，也可在有石灰提取物的情况下使用。当将其加入反应介质中时，在石灰提取物附近观察到快速反应完成，并具有更好的形状和尺寸控制。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和拉曼光谱确定了天然代谢物和柑橘化合物与纳米粒子的相互作用。所制备的纳米粒子在纺织品上的应用包括将扩展的生物活性赋予经处理的织物，赋予其易于护理的性能。据我们所知，这是首次报道利用生物活性银纳米粒子作为功能性整理剂，同时作为抗菌剂和易护理剂，而完全不使用有毒化学品。发现用石灰介导的纳米粒子处理的织物的易护理性能为 141，比未经任何处理的纯棉织物好 26%左右，而织物强度没有明显下降。此外，为了说明该过程的可持续性，我们将发展特征与联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）进行了映射，这些特征对 SDGs 3、8、9 和 14 具有重大影响。通过有效悬浮微生物、增加功能以及用无化学合成纳米粒子进行生态映射，可以在各种医疗保健和卫生产品中广泛利用，同时满足可持续性需求。
