Xia Caifeng, Yan Rong, Wang Quangui
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，Peking University First Hospital，Beijing，100034，China.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2023 Apr;37(4):277-281. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.04.008.
To investigate the compliance of patients with allergic rhinitis（AR） receiving sublingual immunotherapy and its influencing factors. The clinical data of 291 AR patients who received sublingual immunotherapy for dust mites at the First Hospital of Peking University from January 2016 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and their outpatient or telephone follow-up was conducted. For patients whose treatment time was less than 2 years, the time and reason for the loss were recorded, and the factors affecting their compliance were discussed from the aspects of gender, age, and education. Among the 291 patients, 245 cases（84.2%） were successfully followed up, and 193 cases（78.8%） fell off midway（treatment time<2 years）. The overall compliance rate was 21.22%（52/245）. The compliance rate of children is higher than that of adults（χ²=21.306, <0.05）, and gender and education level have no significant effect on the compliance rate. The time period for the largest number of shedding was 6-<12 months after treatment（68 cases, 27.8%）. The main cause of shedding was symptom relief, which was considered cured（16.7%）. Secondly, within 3 months after treatment, a total of 61 patients（24.9%） fell off, of which 34 cases（13.9%） fell off because of troublesome medication, often missed medication, and simply stopped taking the drug. Statistics on the overall reasons for shedding in 193 patients, the top three shedding reasons were: cured after symptom relief（59 cases, 30.6%）, troublesome medication, discontinuation after missed dose（44 cases, 22.8%）, slow onset or ineffectiveness（26 cases, 13.5%）. The overall compliance of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis is poor, and the compliance of children is better than that of adults. Clinicians should focus on the reasons for patients to fall off at various times, strengthen patient education, enhance patient confidence in treatment, and improve the compliance of patients.
探讨变应性鼻炎（AR）患者接受舌下免疫治疗的依从性及其影响因素。回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月在北京大学第一医院接受尘螨舌下免疫治疗的291例AR患者的临床资料，并对其进行门诊或电话随访。对于治疗时间不足2年的患者，记录其失访时间及原因，并从性别、年龄、文化程度等方面探讨影响其依从性的因素。291例患者中，成功随访245例（84.2%），中途脱落193例（78.8%）（治疗时间<2年）。总体依从率为21.22%（52/245）。儿童的依从率高于成人（χ²=21.306，P<0.05），性别和文化程度对依从率无显著影响。脱落人数最多的时间段为治疗后6至<12个月（68例，27.8%）。脱落的主要原因是症状缓解，认为已治愈（16.7%）。其次，治疗后3个月内共有61例患者（24.9%）脱落，其中34例（13.9%）因用药麻烦、经常漏服、干脆停药而脱落。统计193例患者脱落的总体原因，前三位脱落原因依次为：症状缓解后治愈（59例，30.6%）、用药麻烦、漏服后停药（44例，22.8%）、起效慢或无效（26例，13.5%）。变应性鼻炎患者舌下免疫治疗的总体依从性较差，儿童的依从性优于成人。临床医生应关注患者在不同时间段脱落的原因，加强患者教育，增强患者对治疗的信心，提高患者的依从性。
