Adenuga Bukola M, Montowska Magdalena
Department of Meat Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2023 May;22(3):2112-2160. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13142. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Despite the numerous studies on food safety and authenticity, especially for meat and meat products, not enough studies have been conducted focusing exclusively on game species and other unusual meat animals. As a result of the European horse scandal, the horse is currently the target of many meat authenticity studies. With this review, we aim to present various DNA-based methods that have been used by researchers to identify, detect, and quantify game, uncommon meat animals, and wildlife species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is considered the standard method for DNA analysis in meat authenticity testing. However, in this paper, we present several other methods that may or may not involve the PCR technique. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed 131 articles selected according to various criteria such as target animal species, method of analysis, year of publication, and so forth. The result of our study shows the most studied game and uncommon meat species, PCR- and non-PCR-based methods for game meat analysis, and DNA-based methods in wildlife conservation. With this study, researchers can find detailed information about frequent game species used as adulterants for regular meat products and the DNA-based techniques to identify them.
尽管针对食品安全和食品真伪开展了大量研究，尤其是针对肉类和肉制品的研究，但专门聚焦于野味物种及其他特殊肉类动物的研究仍不够充分。欧洲马肉丑闻致使马肉目前成为众多肉类真伪研究的对象。通过本综述，我们旨在介绍研究人员用于鉴定、检测和量化野味、不常见肉类动物及野生动物物种的各种基于DNA的方法。聚合酶链反应（PCR）被视为肉类真伪检测中DNA分析的标准方法。然而，在本文中，我们还介绍了其他几种可能涉及或不涉及PCR技术的方法。为此，我们根据目标动物物种、分析方法、出版年份等各种标准，系统地回顾了131篇文章。我们的研究结果展示了研究最多的野味和不常见肉类物种、基于PCR和非PCR的野味肉分析方法以及野生动物保护中基于DNA的方法。通过这项研究，研究人员能够找到有关常被用作普通肉类产品掺假物的常见野味物种以及用于识别它们的基于DNA的技术的详细信息。
