as a cultural conceptualization of distress: Existing research and aspects to consider for future investigations.

Among the cultural conceptualizations of distress, is defined in the DSM-5 as "a cultural explanation of distress and misfortune in Latin America that refers to an illness attributed to a terrifying event that causes the soul to leave the body and leads to unhappiness and illness, as well as difficulties in performing key social functions" (American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2013). , 5th edition. Washington, DC: APA, p. 836). Thus, represents a cultural explanation that encompasses the symptoms of various mental disorders and physical diseases. We analyzed the descriptions of from different scientific fields and related them to definitions of DSM-5 syndromes. Three syndromic subtypes of show a symptomatic overlap with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatic disorder. However, linguistic metaphors describing symptoms and perceived causes that are specific for Latin American culture support the concept of as a specific idiom of distress (e.g., loss of soul, shadow or ; sunken, closed or white eyes; jumping and screaming in the night; being thrown to the ground). In addition, if diagnostic criteria are met for mental disorders, then describes a perceived cause of psychopathological states (e.g., depressive disorder, PTSD, somatic disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder). Future research with people who have experienced is needed to clarify whether precedes the onset of other mental disorders (perceived cause) or whether it is a way of designating distress (idiom of distress).