基于mRNA的新冠疫苗：它们虽新但并非未知！

mRNA-Based Vaccine for COVID-19: They Are New but Not Unknown!

作者信息

Chavda Vivek P, Jogi Gargi, Dave Srusti, Patel Bhoomika M, Vineela Nalla Lakshmi, Koradia Krishna

机构信息

Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India.

Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 22;11(3):507. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030507.

mRNA vaccines take advantage of the mechanism that our cells use to produce proteins. Our cells produce proteins based on the knowledge contained in our DNA; each gene encodes a unique protein. The genetic information is essential, but cells cannot use it until mRNA molecules convert it into instructions for producing specific proteins. mRNA vaccinations provide ready-to-use mRNA instructions for constructing a specific protein. BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) both are newly approved mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines that have shown excellent protection and efficacy. In total, there are five more mRNA-based vaccine candidates for COVID-19 under different phases of clinical development. This review is specifically focused on mRNA-based vaccines for COVID-19 covering its development, mechanism, and clinical aspects.

信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗利用了我们细胞用于制造蛋白质的机制。我们的细胞根据DNA中包含的信息来制造蛋白质；每个基因编码一种独特的蛋白质。遗传信息至关重要，但在信使核糖核酸分子将其转化为制造特定蛋白质的指令之前，细胞无法使用它。mRNA疫苗提供了用于构建特定蛋白质的现成的mRNA指令。BNT162b2（辉瑞-生物科技公司）和mRNA-1273（莫德纳公司）都是新获批的基于mRNA的新冠疫苗，它们已显示出出色的保护作用和效力。总共有另外五种基于mRNA的新冠疫苗候选产品正处于不同阶段的临床开发中。本综述特别聚焦于用于新冠的基于mRNA的疫苗，涵盖其开发、机制和临床方面。