School of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Applied Research Group to Performance and Health, CESMAC University Center, Maceió, Brazil.
Percept Mot Skills. 2023 Jun;130(3):1168-1184. doi: 10.1177/00315125231165170. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
This study was conducted to determine whether the relative age effect (RAE) is present in different age groups, weight categories, sexes, and across different time frames in international-level judo competition. A total of 9451 judo athletes competing at the Olympic Games and/or World Championships in the Cadet, Junior and/or Senior age groups between 1993 and 2020 were considered. Athletes' birthdate distributions were grouped in four quartiles (Q1: January-March; Q2: April-June; Q3: July-September; Q4: October-December) and compared to a day-corrected theoretical distribution using Chi-squared analysis. Poisson regression was also used to evaluate the ability to explain weekly birth count. RAE was more prevalent in males than females ( < .05), and for Cadets and Juniors compared to Seniors ( < .05). Heavyweight and middleweight categories presented RAEs in Senior and Junior males, while for females it was present in Cadet heavyweights ( < .05). RAE was more prevalent in recent years (2009-2021) for Senior male judo athletes ( < .05). Poisson analysis illustrated some nuanced information, including RAE detection during an earlier time frame, not readily apparent with the traditional analysis.
本研究旨在确定相对年龄效应（RAE）是否存在于国际级柔道比赛的不同年龄组、体重类别、性别和不同时间段。共考虑了 1993 年至 2020 年期间在青年组、少年组和/或成年组参加奥运会和/或世界锦标赛的 9451 名柔道运动员。运动员的出生日期分布分为四个四分位数（Q1：1 月至 3 月；Q2：4 月至 6 月；Q3：7 月至 9 月；Q4：10 月至 12 月），并使用卡方分析与校正后的理论分布进行比较。还使用泊松回归来评估解释每周出生人数的能力。RAE 在男性中比女性更为普遍（<0.05），在少年组和青年组中比成年组更为普遍（<0.05）。在成年和少年男子的重量级和中量级类别中存在 RAEs，而在女子中，少年重量级则存在 RAEs（<0.05）。在 2009 年至 2021 年期间，高级男性柔道运动员的 RAE 更为普遍（<0.05）。泊松分析还说明了一些细微的信息，包括在更早的时间段内检测到 RAE，这是传统分析不易察觉的。
