Hornok Sándor, Cini Bruno Andrea M, Takács Nóra, Keve Gergő, Sándor Attila D, Kontschán Jenő
Department of Parasitology and Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
ELKH-ÁTE Climate Change: New Blood-Sucking Parasites and Vector-Borne Pathogens Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Mar 14;10:1143800. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1143800. eCollection 2023.
To obtain new data on the species diversity, host associations and spatiotemporal occurrence of flies and blood-sucking lice of veterinary importance in Malta, ectoparasites were collected at cattle, sheep and goat, pig farms, as well as dog shelters, and in two places in the absence of domestic animals. The species were identified morphologically, but voucher specimens were also analyzed with molecular-phylogenetic methods following DNA extraction. Altogether 3,095 flies (Diptera: Muscidae, Calliphoridae) were collected at farms and kennels near domestic animals, as well as 37 blowflies (Calliphoridae) in rural and urban areas without animals nearby. Regarding Muscidae, the great majority of flies ( = 3,084) were identified as the common housefly (). Eight flies represented the stable fly (). Three blowflies associated with dogs and small ruminants belonged to . By contrast, all 37 blowflies collected without domestic animals nearby, were identified as . In addition, 22 sucking lice were collected from goats, and all belonged to . Molecular identification of 28 flies and four lice confirmed the above species. Considering the sex ratio of among samples collected randomly at cattle farms, females predominated in the whole study period, but the abundance of males increased significantly toward the autumn. was associated with cattle and dogs, whereas was found near small ruminants and dogs. To our knowledge, this is the first study including the molecular analysis of flies and lice of veterinary-medical importance from Malta. The most important finding of this study is the first evidence for the autochthonous occurrence of in Malta. The exclusive presence of at animal-keeping facilities in rural areas and association of with urban areas void of livestock might reflect similar habitat preference of these species in Malta to what was reported in South Africa. Based on the sucking-louse burden in the examined goat herds, the situation in Malta was similar to northern Africa where the exclusive presence of was reported, unlike toward the north in the Mediterranean Basin where populations of this species are mixed with .
为获取有关马耳他具有兽医重要性的苍蝇和吸血虱子的物种多样性、宿主关联以及时空分布的新数据，在养牛场、养羊场、养猪场以及犬舍，以及在没有家畜的两个地方收集了体外寄生虫。通过形态学方法鉴定物种，但在DNA提取后，还采用分子系统发育方法对凭证标本进行了分析。在靠近家畜的农场和犬舍共收集到3095只苍蝇（双翅目：蝇科、丽蝇科），在附近没有动物的农村和城市地区收集到37只丽蝇（丽蝇科）。关于蝇科，绝大多数苍蝇（=3084只）被鉴定为家蝇（）。8只苍蝇为厩螫蝇（）。与狗和小反刍动物相关的3只丽蝇属于。相比之下，在附近没有家畜的地方收集到的37只丽蝇均被鉴定为。此外，从山羊身上收集到22只吸血虱，均属于。对28只苍蝇和4只虱子的分子鉴定证实了上述物种。考虑到在养牛场随机采集的样本中的性别比例，在整个研究期间雌性占主导，但雄性数量在秋季显著增加。与牛和狗有关，而在小反刍动物和狗附近发现。据我们所知，这是第一项对来自马耳他具有兽医医学重要性的苍蝇和虱子进行分子分析的研究。这项研究最重要的发现是首次有证据表明在马耳他有本地发生。在农村地区的畜牧设施中仅存在，以及与没有牲畜的城市地区相关联，这可能反映了这些物种在马耳他与在南非报道的类似的栖息地偏好。根据所检查山羊群中的吸血虱负担情况，马耳他的情况与北非相似，据报道那里仅存在，与地中海盆地北部不同，在那里该物种的种群与混合存在。
