Chair and Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University, Sanok, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2023 Mar 31;30(1):195-203. doi: 10.26444/aaem/162839. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Disability has an individualized character, both in terms of causes and effects, including limitation of locomotor skills. This is the problem to a great extent determining the level of daily functioning and the quality of life. The aim of the study was assessment of locomotor capabilities according to the demographic, social and health characteristics, and the frequency of problems of daily life according to the scope of locomotor capabilities.
The study included 676 disabled aged 19-98; mean age 64. The survey was carried out using a standardized Disability Questionnaire.
Statistically significant differences in categories of locomotor capabilities were observed according to age, education, material standard, housing conditions, legal disability status, and degrees of disability. Ten problems varying in intensity occurred according to the scope of independent moving around: material difficulties, difficulties in settling office matters, loneliness (P<0.0001), too infrequent contacts with the family, negative attitude of surroundings towards disability, material dependence on others, lack of care by relatives and friends, difficult access to environmental nurse, difficult access to services from social worker, necessity of caring for a disabled person.
Locomotor capabilities of the disabled decrease over 64. Low level of education, material standard and poor housing conditions are associated with decreased capabilities for independent moving around without limitations. The types and number of problems with which the disabled struggle depends on the scope of their capabilities for independent moving around. In every dimension of functioning disability belongs to the scope of issues of public health.
残疾具有个体化特征，无论是在病因还是后果方面，包括运动技能的限制。这在很大程度上是决定日常生活功能水平和生活质量的问题。本研究的目的是根据人口统计学、社会和健康特征评估运动能力，并根据运动能力范围评估日常生活问题的频率。
研究包括 676 名年龄在 19 至 98 岁的残疾人士；平均年龄为 64 岁。使用标准化的残疾问卷进行了调查。
在运动能力的类别中，根据年龄、教育程度、物质水平、住房条件、法律残疾状况和残疾程度观察到了统计学上的显著差异。在独立行动范围方面存在十种不同强度的问题：物质困难、办公室事务处理困难、孤独感（P<0.0001）、与家人的接触过于不频繁、周围环境对残疾的负面态度、对他人的物质依赖、缺乏亲友的照顾、难以获得环境护士的帮助、难以获得社会工作者的服务、需要照顾残疾人。
残疾人士的运动能力在 64 岁后下降。教育程度低、物质水平低和住房条件差与独立行动不受限制的能力下降有关。残疾人士所面临的问题的类型和数量取决于他们独立行动的能力范围。在每个功能维度中，残疾都属于公共卫生问题的范畴。
