Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou, China.
Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
BMC Neurol. 2023 Apr 1;23(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s12883-023-03189-4.
There are few reported studies on stigma in young and middle-aged stroke patients during the rehabilitation period, however, the rehabilitation period plays a key role in the patients' disease regression. Exploring the level of stigma and the influencing factors in young and middle-aged stroke patients during the rehabilitation period is crucial for determining how to reduce the level of stigma and improve the patients' motivation for rehabilitation treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the level of stigma in young and middle-aged stroke patients and analyzed the factors influencing stigma in order to provide a reference or basis for healthcare professionals to develop effective and targeted stigma intervention programs.
Using a convenience sampling method, 285 young and middle-aged stroke patients admitted to the rehabilitation medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in Shenzhen, China, from November 2021 to September 2022 were selected and surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the Stroke Stigma Scale(SSS), the Barthel Index(BI), and the Positive and Negative Emotions Scale(PANAS), and multiple linear regression and smoothed curve fitting were used to analyze the factors influencing the stigma of young and middle-aged stroke patients during the rehabilitation period.
SSS score of 45.08 ± 11.06, univariate analysis of age, occupation, education level, pre-stroke monthly income, insurance type, comorbid chronic disease status, primary caregiver, BI, positive and negative emotion as factors influencing stigma. Multiple linear regression showed that age, pre-stroke monthly income, BI, positive and negative emotions were independent influences on stigma in young and middle-aged stroke patients, explaining 58.0% of the total variance in stigma. A smoothed curve fit revealed a curvilinear relationship between the above influences and stigma.
Young and middle-aged stroke patients have a moderate level of stigma. Medical staff should focus on young patients aged 18-44 years, those with high monthly income before the stroke, those with poor self-care ability, and those with low positive and high negative emotion scores, and conduct early assessments and adopt targeted intervention programs according to the influencing factors to reduce the stigma of young and middle-aged stroke patients, improve their motivation for rehabilitation, and help them return to their families and society as soon as possible.
Registration number of China Clinical Trials Registration Center: 20,220,328,004-FS01.
在中青年脑卒中患者康复期间，针对耻辱感的研究报道较少，但康复期对患者疾病的恢复起着关键作用。探讨中青年脑卒中患者在康复期间的耻辱感水平及其影响因素，对于确定如何降低耻辱感水平、提高患者康复治疗的积极性至关重要。因此，本研究调查了中青年脑卒中患者的耻辱感水平，并分析了影响耻辱感的因素，为医护人员制定有效的、有针对性的耻辱感干预方案提供参考依据。
采用便利抽样法，选取 2021 年 11 月至 2022 年 9 月在深圳市某三级甲等医院康复医学科住院的 285 例中青年脑卒中患者进行调查，采用一般资料问卷、脑卒中耻辱量表（SSS）、Barthel 指数（BI）、正性负性情绪量表（PANAS）进行调查，采用多元线性回归和曲线拟合分析中青年脑卒中患者康复期耻辱感的影响因素。
SSS 评分为 45.08±11.06，单因素分析显示年龄、职业、文化程度、发病前月收入、保险类型、合并慢性病情况、主要照顾者、BI、正性负性情绪是影响中青年脑卒中患者耻辱感的因素。多元线性回归分析显示，年龄、发病前月收入、BI、正性负性情绪是中青年脑卒中患者耻辱感的独立影响因素，共解释了耻辱感总变异的 58.0%。曲线拟合显示，上述影响因素与耻辱感之间呈曲线关系。
中青年脑卒中患者的耻辱感处于中等水平。医护人员应关注 18~44 岁的年轻患者、发病前月收入较高的患者、自我照顾能力较差的患者、正性情绪较低而负性情绪较高的患者，根据影响因素进行早期评估并采取有针对性的干预方案，以降低中青年脑卒中患者的耻辱感，提高其康复积极性，帮助其尽早回归家庭和社会。
中国临床试验注册中心注册号：202203220220328004-FS01。
