Leiulfsrud Annelie Schedin, Ellinggard Kristian Bernhof, Post Marcel W M, Arora Mohit, Leiulfsrud Håkon
Department of Neuro Medicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Spinal Cord Injuries, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 1;20(4):e0306231. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306231. eCollection 2025.
The aim of this article is to study inclusion and recognition experienced amongst people with a Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Norway, The Netherlands, and Australia. This is approached both from the perspectives of an interest in the impact of mobility limitations versus social attitudes, and from a consideration of differences between societies.
The data derive from the core questionnaire of International Spinal Cord Injury Community Survey with extended national modules on the attitudes and values of respondents from Norway, The Netherlands, and Australia. The data gathered in 2017-18 include 2,450 participants aged 18 years or older. The data are analysed and presented with descriptive statistics and OLS regression analyses. In order to explore our main questions, we run regression controlling for country effects in addition exploring within country effects.
Mobility limitations are a substantially weaker predictor of self-perceived inclusion and recognition than experiences of negative attitudes towards disabled people. Stereotypical attitudes and norms in society are shown to have various impacts on inclusion in the three countries. The Norwegian respondents report overall better results on inclusion and recognition than respondents in Australia and The Netherlands, illustrating the importance of national contexts.
Challenges associated with inclusion, recognition, and respect after SCI need to be defined in a language broader than mobility limitations and stereotypical attitudes towards people with an SCI. The main road to both inclusion and recognition in society is primarily linked to job and educational status, in addition to family and friends. The results are of particular interest as measures to support reintegration into society, including a strengthening of labour market integration programs.
本文旨在研究挪威、荷兰和澳大利亚脊髓损伤（SCI）患者的包容与认可经历。这一研究从行动能力受限的影响与社会态度这两个角度展开，同时也考虑了不同社会之间的差异。
数据来源于国际脊髓损伤社区调查的核心问卷，并附加了关于挪威、荷兰和澳大利亚受访者态度与价值观的国家扩展模块。2017 - 2018年收集的数据包括2450名18岁及以上的参与者。数据通过描述性统计和OLS回归分析进行分析和呈现。为了探究我们的主要问题，我们在控制国家效应的同时进行回归分析，并进一步探究国家内部的效应。
与对残疾人的负面态度经历相比，行动能力受限对自我感知的包容与认可的预测作用要弱得多。社会中的刻板态度和规范在这三个国家对包容产生了不同的影响。挪威受访者在包容与认可方面的总体结果优于澳大利亚和荷兰的受访者，这说明了国家背景的重要性。
脊髓损伤后与包容、认可和尊重相关的挑战，需要用比行动能力受限以及对脊髓损伤患者的刻板态度更广泛的语言来界定。在社会中实现包容与认可的主要途径，除了家庭和朋友之外，主要与工作和教育状况相关。这些结果对于支持重新融入社会的措施，包括加强劳动力市场融合计划，具有特别的意义。
