西班牙航空军事人员的水合状态、身体成分和焦虑状态：一项横断面研究。
Hydration status, body composition, and anxiety status in aeronautical military personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Departamento Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660, Boadilla del Monte, Spain.
Centro de Instrucción de Medicina Aeroespacial, Ejército del Aire, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Mil Med Res. 2021 Jun 2;8(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s40779-021-00327-2.
BACKGROUND
An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety.
METHODS
A total of 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. Based on these methods, the criteria of hydration were established.
RESULTS
Of the total sample, 81% met the hydration criteria (urine color = well hydrated, water balance ≥ 0 ml, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 ml/kg), and 19% did not meet the hydration criteria (urine color = not sufficiently hydrated or dehydrated, water balance < 0 ml, and total water intake/weight < 35 ml/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs. 3, P = 0.026), weight [(84.7 ± 10.5) vs. (80.5 ± 10.2) kg], body mass index [(26.3 ± 3.1) vs. (25.2 ± 2.8)]kg/m, body fat [(22.3 ± 5.6) vs. (18.3 ± 6.5)] %, urine specific gravity, and urine color. Using a logistic binary regression model, hydration status was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (P = 0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidities, or medications. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (r = 0.357, P = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (r = - 0.427, P = 0.000), percentage of body fat (r = - 0.405, P = 0.000), and waist/hip ratio (r = - 0.223, P = 0.002). Based on a linear regression model, total water intake/weight was related significantly with percentage of body fat (P = 0.001) and percentage of body water content (P = 0.035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidities, or medications.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings all suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.
背景
充足的水合状态对于确保精神和身体活动的效率至关重要。我们的目标是评估一组西班牙航空军事人员的水合状态，并确定水合状态与身体成分和焦虑之间的关联。
方法
通过验证的水合状态问卷、人体测量学和生物化学参数以及焦虑问卷，对 188 名男性进行了评估。根据这些方法，确定了水合状态的标准。
结果
在总样本中，81%符合水合状态标准（尿液颜色=充分水合，水平衡≥0ml，总水摄入量/体重≥35ml/kg），19%不符合水合状态标准（尿液颜色=未充分水合或脱水，水平衡<0ml，总水摄入量/体重<35ml/kg）。不符合水合状态标准的受试者尿液 pH 值较低，负水平衡，水摄入量较低。后者的焦虑状态也较高（得分=4 分对 3 分，P=0.026），体重[（84.7±10.5）kg 对（80.5±10.2）kg]、体重指数[（26.3±3.1）kg/m 对（25.2±2.8）kg/m]、体脂肪[（22.3±5.6）% 对（18.3±6.5）%]、尿比重和尿色。使用二元逻辑回归模型，水合状态与体脂肪百分比显著相关（P=0.004），但与年龄、合并症或药物无关。此外，总水摄入量/体重与体水分百分比呈正相关（r=0.357，P=0.000），与体脂肪（kg）（r=-0.427，P=0.000）、体脂肪百分比（r=-0.405，P=0.000）和腰臀比（r=-0.223，P=0.002）呈负相关。基于线性回归模型，总水摄入量/体重与体脂肪百分比（P=0.001）和体水分含量百分比（P=0.035）显著相关。然而，与腰臀比、年龄、合并症或药物无关。
结论
这些发现都表明水合状态与身体成分之间存在关系，但也为未来研究水合状态与焦虑状态之间的关系奠定了基础。这些结果可用于改善军事人员的水合状态和身体成分。
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