Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka Str. 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegórzecka Str. 20, 31-531 Kraków, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 30;17(19):7181. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197181.
Little is known on the relationship between obesity and hydration level in children. To explore the possible association between children's hydration status and body composition, we conducted this cross-sectional study.
The survey was carried out in 2018 in Preliminary and High Schools from the Malopolska Province, Poland. The study group consisted of 264 children aged 7-15 years. The level of hydration was assessed based on urine osmolality during a school day. The examined had anthropometric tests and body composition assessment (FM, BF%, FFM, TBW, TBW%). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a logistic regression analysis.
In the study group, 9.5% of the examined were overweight, 7.2% obese, and it referred more to the country than towns ( < 0.05). Improper hydration was found in 53% of children, and 16.3% of them were severely dehydrated during a school day (urine osmolality > 1000 mOsm/kgHO). The level of dehydration was higher in children with excessive body fat (BF%) than in children with normal BF% [903.00 vs. 775 mOsm/kgHO]. Older age (>10 y) showed inverse association with dehydration [OR 0.52 (95% CI; 0.28-0.99)] and excessed BF% showed 2.3-fold increase in odds of dehydration during a school day [OR 2.39 (95% CI; 1.15-4.94)]. Improper hydration was a risk factor of difficulties with concentration declared by students during a school day OR 2.85 (95% CI; 1.16-6.99).
Attention should be paid to appropriate hydration especially in children with excessive body fat content who feature a higher risk of dehydration and fluid demand.
目前对于儿童肥胖与水合状态之间的关系知之甚少。为了探究儿童水合状态与身体成分之间可能存在的关联，我们进行了这项横断面研究。
该调查于 2018 年在波兰马佐夫舍省的初中和高中进行。研究组由 264 名 7-15 岁的儿童组成。在上学日，通过尿渗透压评估儿童的水合状态。检查包括体格测试和身体成分评估（FM、BF%、FFM、TBW、TBW%）。使用逻辑回归分析计算比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在研究组中，9.5%的被检查者超重，7.2%肥胖，且农村地区（<0.05）的肥胖检出率高于城镇地区。在上学日，53%的儿童水合状态不当，其中 16.3%的儿童严重脱水（尿渗透压>1000 mOsm/kgHO）。体脂过多（BF%）的儿童脱水程度更高（903.00 比 775 mOsm/kgHO）。年龄较大（>10 岁）与脱水呈负相关（OR 0.52（95%CI；0.28-0.99）），而 BF%超标则使上学日脱水的几率增加 2.3 倍（OR 2.39（95%CI；1.15-4.94））。在上学日，水合状态不当是学生注意力集中困难的危险因素，OR 为 2.85（95%CI；1.16-6.99）。
应注意适当的水合，尤其是在体脂含量过高的儿童中，因为他们脱水和液体需求的风险更高。
