Gourmet Lucie E, Walker-Samuel Simon
Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Centre for Computational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Oncol. 2023 Mar 17;13:1068053. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1068053. eCollection 2023.
Complex interactions between the physical environment and phenotype of a tumour, and genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and epigenomics, are increasingly known to have a significant influence on cancer development, progression and evolution. For example, mechanical stress can alter both genome maintenance and histone modifications, which consequently affect transcription and the epigenome. Increased stiffness has been linked to genetic heterogeneity and is responsible for heterochromatin accumulations. Stiffness thereby leads to deregulation in gene expression, disrupts the proteome and can impact angiogenesis. Several studies have shown how the physics of cancer can influence diverse cancer hallmarks such as resistance to cell death, angiogenesis and evasion from immune destruction. In this review, we will explain the role that physics of cancer plays in cancer evolution and explore how multiomics are being used to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning them.
肿瘤的物理环境与表型以及基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和表观基因组学之间的复杂相互作用，对癌症的发生、发展和演变的影响日益显著。例如，机械应力可改变基因组维持和组蛋白修饰，进而影响转录和表观基因组。硬度增加与基因异质性有关，并导致异染色质积累。因此，硬度会导致基因表达失调，破坏蛋白质组，并可能影响血管生成。多项研究表明，癌症物理学如何影响多种癌症特征，如对细胞死亡的抗性、血管生成和逃避免疫破坏。在本综述中，我们将解释癌症物理学在癌症演变中所起的作用，并探讨多组学如何用于阐明其潜在机制。
