Kaveh Kimia, Tazarghi Abbas, Hosseini Parastoo, Fotouhi Fatemeh, Ajorloo Mehdi, Rabiei Roodsari Mehdi, Razavi Nikoo Hadi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Virusdisease. 2023 Mar;34(1):21-28. doi: 10.1007/s13337-022-00806-7. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
Neuraminidase inhibitors are the only FDA-approved class of antiviral agents against viruses. Resistance to these drugs has been reported from different parts of the world; however, there seems to be not enough information about this issue in Iran. We aimed to study the genetic evolution of these viruses as well as the presence of possible mutations concerning drug resistance in northern Iran. RNA was extracted from naso- and oropharyngeal swabs and amplified by one-step RT-PCR for detection and sequencing of the neuraminidase gene. All the data were edited and assembled utilizing BioEdit DNASequence Alignment Editor Software, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed via MEGA software version 10. Finally, resistance-associated mutations and B-cell epitopes substitutions were assessed by comparing our sequences with the counterparts in the reference strains. Comparing our sequences with reference strains revealed that the analyzed isolates of pertained to the B-Yamagata lineage, had a few B-cell epitopes alterations, and contained no particular mutations concerning resistance against neuraminidase inhibitors, such as oseltamivir. Our findings suggest that all the strains circulating in northern Iran and hopefully other parts of the country can be considered sensitive to this class of drugs. Although it is promising, we strongly recommend additional investigations to evaluate the impact of such drug-resistant mutations in other regions, which in turn will assist the public health agencies in taking immediate and effective therapeutic measures into account when needed.
神经氨酸酶抑制剂是美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的唯一一类抗该病毒的抗病毒药物。世界各地均有关于这些药物耐药性的报道；然而，伊朗似乎对此问题的信息不足。我们旨在研究这些病毒的基因进化以及伊朗北部可能存在的与耐药性相关的突变。从鼻拭子和咽拭子中提取RNA，并通过一步法逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）进行扩增，以检测和测序神经氨酸酶基因。所有数据均使用BioEdit DNA序列比对编辑软件进行编辑和组装，并通过MEGA软件版本10构建系统发育树。最后，通过将我们的序列与参考菌株中的对应序列进行比较，评估与耐药性相关的突变和B细胞表位替换情况。将我们的序列与参考菌株进行比较后发现，所分析的该病毒分离株属于B-山形谱系，有一些B细胞表位改变，且不存在与对神经氨酸酶抑制剂（如奥司他韦）耐药性相关的特定突变。我们的研究结果表明，在伊朗北部以及该国其他地区可能传播的所有菌株均可被认为对此类药物敏感。尽管这是个好现象，但我们强烈建议进行更多调查，以评估此类耐药性突变在其他地区的影响，这反过来将有助于公共卫生机构在需要时立即考虑采取有效的治疗措施。
