Deshpande Ashwini, Shah Nilay S, Kandula Namratha R
University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2023 Mar;17(3):73-82. doi: 10.1007/s12170-023-00714-5. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
South Asian Americans experience higher cardiometabolic risk and disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent evidence about the role of obesity in CVD risk in South Asian Americans and identify key evidence gaps and future directions for research and interventions for obesity in this group.
South Asian Americans are predisposed to abdominal obesity and have a higher distribution of visceral fat, intermuscular fat, and intrahepatic fat compared to adults of other race and ethnic groups. In this population, the risk for cardiometabolic disease appears to be elevated even at a normal body mass index. Social, cultural, religious, interpersonal, and environmental factors are related to obesity and obesity-related behaviors among South Asian Americans.
There is a relatively high prevalence of obesity in South Asian-origin populations in the United States, who have unique socio-cultural determinants of overweight and obesity. Future research should clarify why the risk for metabolic disease and CVD is elevated at normal BMI in the South Asian American population, and environmental and other structural factors that may influence obesity in this group. Interventions must be adapted to the social and cultural context of South Asian Americans to improve effectiveness and implementation.
与美国其他种族和族裔群体相比，南亚裔美国人经历着更高的心脏代谢风险以及不成比例的高心血管疾病（CVD）发病率。本综述的目的是总结近期关于肥胖在南亚裔美国人CVD风险中作用的证据，并确定该群体肥胖研究及干预措施的关键证据空白和未来方向。
与其他种族和族裔的成年人相比，南亚裔美国人易患腹部肥胖，且内脏脂肪、肌间脂肪和肝内脂肪的分布更高。在这一人群中，即使体重指数正常，心脏代谢疾病的风险似乎也会升高。社会、文化、宗教及人际和环境因素与南亚裔美国人的肥胖及肥胖相关行为有关。
在美国南亚裔人群中，肥胖的患病率相对较高，他们有超重和肥胖的独特社会文化决定因素。未来的研究应阐明为何南亚裔美国人群在体重指数正常时代谢疾病和CVD的风险会升高，以及可能影响该群体肥胖的环境和其他结构因素。干预措施必须适应南亚裔美国人的社会和文化背景，以提高有效性和实施效果。
