Thyrian Jochen René
Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Greifswald, MV GERMANY, Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Deutschland.
Institut für Community Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2023 May;94(5):375-383. doi: 10.1007/s00115-023-01480-w. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
Aging healthily and prevention of diseases are statutory and a national health target. There is convincing evidence that describes the modifiable risk factors, which are principally suitable for preventive measures.
Definition of terms, presentation of the roots of prevention in laws, strategies and guidelines. Presentation of the risk factors for dementia, outline of effective preventive measures and their promising components.
Prevention is systematically described. The available evidence on risk factors, health behavior and preventive measures is analyzed. A multimodal intervention is presented and the influence of motivation on a change in behavior is outlined, exemplified by physical activity.
Aging healthily is a national health target and prevention of disease is rooted and defined in both the legislation and guidelines. The current evidence on modifiable risk factors for dementia originates from 12 factors. These include behavior-associated factors, such as inactivity, diabetes and smoking. The efficacy of preventive measures can be described by their effectiveness, the utilization when available and the principal availability for all people for whom they are indicated. Changing a health behavior is complex and dependent among other things on the motivation to want to change a behavior. Currently, multimodal prevention programs appear to be very promising for the prevention of cognitive disorders and dementia.
健康老龄化和疾病预防是法定的国家健康目标。有确凿证据描述了可改变的风险因素，这些因素主要适用于预防措施。
术语定义，阐述法律、策略和指南中的预防根源。介绍痴呆症的风险因素，概述有效的预防措施及其有前景的组成部分。
对预防进行系统描述。分析关于风险因素、健康行为和预防措施的现有证据。提出一种多模式干预，并以体育活动为例概述动机对行为改变的影响。
健康老龄化是国家健康目标，疾病预防在立法和指南中均有根源并得以界定。目前关于痴呆症可改变风险因素的证据源自12个因素。这些因素包括与行为相关的因素，如缺乏运动、糖尿病和吸烟。预防措施的效果可通过其有效性、可用时的利用率以及对所有适用人群的主要可及性来描述。改变健康行为很复杂，且在其他方面取决于想要改变行为的动机。目前，多模式预防项目对于预防认知障碍和痴呆症似乎非常有前景。
