Gao Peike, Fan Keyan
College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
Arch Microbiol. 2023 Apr 3;205(5):162. doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03520-0.
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) inhabit oilfield production systems. Sulfur oxidation driven by SOB and dissimilatory sulfate reduction driven by SRB play important roles in sulfur cycle of oil reservoirs. More importantly, hydrogen sulfide produced by SRB is an acidic, flammable, and smelly toxic gas associated with reservoir souring, corrosion of oil-production facilities, and personnel safety. Effective control of SRB is urgently needed for the oil industry. This depends on an in-depth understanding of the microbial species that drive sulfur cycle and other related microorganisms in oil reservoir environments. Here, we identified SOB and SRB in produced brines of Qizhong block (Xinjiang Oilfield, China) from metagenome sequencing data based on reported SOB and SRB, reviewed metabolic pathways of sulfur oxidation and dissimilatory sulfate reduction, and ways for SRB control. The existing issues and future research of microbial sulfur cycle and SRB control are also discussed. Knowledge of the distribution of the microbial populations, their metabolic characteristics and interactions can help to develop an effective process to harness these microorganisms for oilfield production.
硫氧化细菌（SOB）和硫酸盐还原细菌（SRB）存在于油田生产系统中。由SOB驱动的硫氧化和由SRB驱动的异化硫酸盐还原在油藏的硫循环中起着重要作用。更重要的是，SRB产生的硫化氢是一种酸性、易燃且有臭味的有毒气体，与油藏酸化、采油设施腐蚀以及人员安全相关。石油行业迫切需要有效控制SRB。这依赖于对驱动硫循环的微生物种类以及油藏环境中其他相关微生物的深入了解。在此，我们基于已报道的SOB和SRB，从元基因组测序数据中鉴定出了齐中区块（中国新疆油田）采出卤水中的SOB和SRB，回顾了硫氧化和异化硫酸盐还原的代谢途径以及SRB的控制方法。还讨论了微生物硫循环和SRB控制方面的现存问题及未来研究方向。了解微生物种群的分布、它们的代谢特征及相互作用有助于开发一种有效的方法，利用这些微生物进行油田生产。
