Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Jun;10(16):e2207520. doi: 10.1002/advs.202207520. Epub 2023 Apr 7.
Electrically reconfigurable metasurfaces that overcome the static limitations in controlling the fundamental properties of scattered light are opening new avenues for functional flat optics. This work proposes and experimentally demonstrates electrically phase-tunable mid-infrared metasurfaces based on the polaritonic coupling of Stark-tunable intersubband transitions in semiconductor heterostructures and electromagnetic modes in plasmonic nanoresonators. In the applied voltage range of -3 to +3 V, the local phase tuning of the light reflects from the metasurface, which enables the electrical control of the polarization state and wavefront of the reflected wave. Electrical beam polarization control, electrical beam diffraction control, and electrical beam steering are experimentally demonstrated as applications for local phase tunability. The proposed electrically tunable metasurfaces can easily tune the operating wavelength and function at relatively low voltages, which will enable various applications in the mid-infrared region.
电可重构超表面克服了控制散射光基本特性的静态限制，为功能平板光学开辟了新途径。本工作提出并实验演示了基于半导体异质结中斯塔克可调子带间跃迁和等离子体纳米谐振器中电磁模式的极化耦合的电相可调中红外超表面。在-3 至+3 V 的外加电压范围内，从超表面反射的光的局部相位调谐使反射波的偏振态和波前的电控制成为可能。实验演示了电光束偏振控制、电光束衍射控制和电光束转向作为局部相位调谐的应用。所提出的电可调超表面可以在相对较低的电压下轻松调谐工作波长和功能，这将在中红外区域实现各种应用。
