Rodríguez-Dopico Francisco J, Carbas R J C, Borges Catarina S P, Tarrío-Saavedra J, da Silva L F M, García A Álvarez
Universidade da Coruña, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento Ingeniería Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Grupo de Propiedades Térmicas y Reológicas de Materiales, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain.
Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Porto, Portugal.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar 22;9(4):e14751. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14751. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Although the shipbuilding industry is constantly demanding new advanced joining solutions, adhesive technology is not as developed in the marine as compared to other industries. The main reason is the lack of specific knowledge that guarantees the durability of the bonded joints in optimal conditions during the life cycle of a ship. This work simulates in the laboratory a marine-like environment by immersing an adhesive in seawater and subjecting it to constant loading. The objective is to characterize the seawater absorption behavior and its consequences on the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of the adhesive after this aging process. Seawater ingress was determined through gravimetric tests at several load conditions of the tensile strength of the adhesive. Besides, absorption process was studied using Fick's Law, determining the diffusion coefficients. The thermal behavior was monitored with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the chemical degradation was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Also, the mechanical properties were determined by tensile tests. The surface of the adhesive (dried) was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique and the porosity was measured by physisorption with a high-performance adsorption analyzer. A numerical simulation was developed using Darcy's Law combined with continuity equation. The results show that application of loads and immersion in seawater until full saturation of seawater improve the mechanical properties of the adhesive, but it affects negatively to the glass transition temperature. This should be considered when designing adhesive bonding joints on ships.
尽管造船行业不断要求新的先进连接解决方案，但与其他行业相比，胶粘剂技术在船舶领域的发展并不充分。主要原因是缺乏特定知识，无法保证在船舶生命周期内的最佳条件下粘结接头的耐久性。这项工作通过将一种胶粘剂浸入海水中并使其承受恒定载荷，在实验室中模拟类似海洋的环境。目的是表征老化过程后海水吸收行为及其对胶粘剂的机械、热和化学性能的影响。通过在胶粘剂拉伸强度的几种载荷条件下进行重量测试来确定海水侵入情况。此外，使用菲克定律研究吸收过程，确定扩散系数。用差示扫描量热法（DSC）监测热行为，并用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析化学降解情况。同时，通过拉伸试验确定机械性能。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术研究胶粘剂（干燥后）的表面，并使用高性能吸附分析仪通过物理吸附测量孔隙率。利用达西定律结合连续性方程进行了数值模拟。结果表明，施加载荷并浸入海水中直至海水完全饱和可改善胶粘剂的机械性能，但对玻璃化转变温度有负面影响。在设计船舶上的胶粘剂粘结接头时应考虑这一点。
