Karamitsou Paraskevi, Skliris James Philip, Gougousis Spyridon, Karamitsou Aikaterini, Poutoglidis Alexandros
Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 'G. Papanikolaou' General Hospital, Thessaloniki, GRC.
Department of Pathology, 'G. Papanikolaou' General Hospital, Thessaloniki, GRC.
Cureus. 2023 Mar 9;15(3):e35943. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35943. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most dominant malignant neoplasm of the liver and constitutes the majority of all primary malignancies. Most reported cases of HCC occur in the developing world and are mainly associated with chronic hepatitis B and C viruses. Both hematogenous and lymphatic spreading is common in HCC. Patients with HCC might manifest extra-hepatic metastases and the lungs are the most common potential site of metastatic deposits. Rare sites of metastatic disease have also been described. Oropharyngeal metastases of HCC are rare and there are few reports available in the literature. We report a rare case of extra-hepatic metastasis of HCC to the right tonsil in an 84-year-old patient. The clinical appearance of metastatic oral lesions could be easily underestimated, and diagnosis of the primary tumor might delay. A biopsy of the oral lesion is important for an accurate diagnosis. Metastasis in the oral cavity and oropharynx of an HCC is usually evidence of widespread disease and predisposes to an ominous prognosis.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是肝脏最主要的恶性肿瘤，占所有原发性恶性肿瘤的大多数。大多数报道的HCC病例发生在发展中世界，主要与慢性乙型和丙型肝炎病毒有关。血行转移和淋巴转移在HCC中都很常见。HCC患者可能出现肝外转移，肺是最常见的转移灶潜在部位。也有关于罕见转移部位的描述。HCC的口咽转移很少见，文献报道也很少。我们报告一例84岁患者HCC罕见的肝外转移至右侧扁桃体的病例。转移性口腔病变的临床表现很容易被低估，原发肿瘤的诊断可能会延迟。口腔病变活检对于准确诊断很重要。HCC在口腔和口咽的转移通常是疾病广泛播散的证据，预示预后不良。
