Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 30;24(7):6499. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076499.
Many crucial epigenetic changes occur during early skeletal development and throughout life due to aging, disease and are heavily influenced by an individual's lifestyle. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression as the result of changes in the environment without any mutation in the underlying DNA sequence. The epigenetic profiles of cells are dynamic and mediated by different mechanisms, including histone modifications, non-coding RNA-associated gene silencing and DNA methylation. Given the underlining role of dysfunctional mesenchymal tissues in common age-related skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, investigations into skeletal stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and their functional deregulation during aging has been of great interest and how this is mediated by an evolving epigenetic landscape. The present review describes the recent findings in epigenetic changes of MSCs that effect growth and cell fate determination in the context of aging, diet, exercise and bone-related diseases.
许多关键的表观遗传变化发生在早期骨骼发育和整个生命周期中，由于衰老、疾病，并且受到个体生活方式的严重影响。表观遗传学是研究基因表达的可遗传变化，其是由于环境的变化而导致的，而不是由于潜在 DNA 序列的突变。细胞的表观遗传特征是动态的，并通过不同的机制介导，包括组蛋白修饰、非编码 RNA 相关基因沉默和 DNA 甲基化。鉴于功能失调的间充质组织在骨质疏松症和骨关节炎等常见与年龄相关的骨骼疾病中的潜在作用，对骨骼干细胞或间充质干细胞（MSC）及其在衰老过程中的功能失调的研究一直很有兴趣，以及这种功能失调是如何通过不断发展的表观遗传景观来介导的。本综述描述了在衰老、饮食、运动和与骨骼相关的疾病背景下，影响 MSC 生长和细胞命运决定的 MSC 中表观遗传变化的最新发现。
