Department of Family Science, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Jindal School of Psychology and Counseling, Jindal Global University, Sonipat 131001, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 27;20(7):5277. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20075277.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) in India remains an entrenched and prevalent public health issue. Despite ample evidence of the widespread problem of IPV in India and associated mental and physical morbidities, far less is known about intervention models to reduce IPV in India. The aims of this meta-analysis and systematic review are to assess the effectiveness of community-based interventions to reduce IPV in India and to provide a narrative synthesis of these intervention approaches. A total of 9 databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed, English-language articles published between January 2000 and September 2022. The search identified 10 studies that met study inclusion criteria, including 3 randomized control trials, 4 quasi-experimental, 2 pre/post, and 1 time-series evaluation. Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was notable variation in the interventions and approaches employed to reduce IPV and varying measurement of IPV outcomes. The results of the meta-analysis show that participating in community-based IPV interventions produced a significant reduction in IPV among women. When considering different types of IPV, study participants were less likely to report physical and psychological IPV victimization. In addition, participants were also less likely to report approving of IPV after participating in community-based IPV interventions. Community-based interventions and research addressing IPV are still evolving in India. Missing descriptions of theoretical frameworks, sampling, intervention design, and inadequately reported effectiveness of intervention (both quantitative and qualitative reporting) need to be addressed. Moreover, long-term evaluations of the pilot interventions are needed to provide a clear picture of the long-term effectiveness, sustainability, and replicability of the community-based IPV interventions. The findings have implications for researchers, practitioners (community health workers, clinicians, and social workers), and policymakers keen on IPV reduction in India and globally.
印度的亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）仍然是一个根深蒂固且普遍存在的公共卫生问题。尽管有大量证据表明印度存在广泛的 IPV 问题以及与之相关的心理和身体病态，但对于减少印度 IPV 的干预模式知之甚少。本次荟萃分析和系统评价的目的是评估基于社区的干预措施减少印度 IPV 的有效性，并对这些干预方法进行叙述性综合。共搜索了 9 个数据库，以确定 2000 年 1 月至 2022 年 9 月期间发表的同行评审的英文文章。该搜索确定了 10 项符合研究纳入标准的研究，包括 3 项随机对照试验、4 项准实验、2 项前后对照和 1 项时间序列评估。有 8 项研究纳入荟萃分析。所采用的减少 IPV 的干预措施和方法存在显著差异，并且 IPV 结果的测量也存在差异。荟萃分析的结果表明，参与基于社区的 IPV 干预措施可显著减少女性的 IPV。考虑到不同类型的 IPV，研究参与者报告身体和心理 IPV 受害的可能性较低。此外，参与者在参与基于社区的 IPV 干预措施后也不太可能赞成 IPV。印度的基于社区的干预措施和 IPV 研究仍在不断发展。需要解决理论框架、抽样、干预设计以及干预效果（定量和定性报告）的描述缺失问题。此外，还需要对试点干预措施进行长期评估，以清楚了解基于社区的 IPV 干预措施的长期有效性、可持续性和可复制性。这些发现对热衷于在印度和全球减少 IPV 的研究人员、实践者（社区卫生工作者、临床医生和社会工作者）和政策制定者具有重要意义。
