Satué Katiuska, Fazio Esterina, La Fauci Deborah, Medica Pietro
Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Messina University, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 31;13(7):1229. doi: 10.3390/ani13071229.
Several studies have demonstrated that in woman the sex hormones such as estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) influence iron (Fe) regulation, contributing to variations in Fe parameters along the menstrual cycle. These mechanisms based on the regulation of hepcidin (Hepc) which limits Fe availability during the cycle, remain poorly characterized in healthy mares. The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between Hepc, Fe, ferritin (Ferr), and the primary ovarian hormones E2 and P4 in cycling Purebred Spanish mares. Blood samples were taken from 31 Purebred Spanish mares day -5, on day 0, day +5 and day +16 of the cycle. Fe and Ferr significantly increased and Hepc decreased during pre- and ovulatory periods. The secretion peak of estradiol-17β (E2) was reached on day 0 and progesterone (P4) between days +5 and +16. Fe and Ferr were positively correlated (r = 0.57). Fe and Ferr were negatively correlated with Hepc (r = -0.72 and r = -0.02, respectively). E2 and P4 were negatively and positively correlated with Hepc (r = -0.753 and r = 0.54, respectively). In cycling Purebred Spanish mares there is a measurable relationship between steroid hormones and systemic Fe metabolism. Estrogenic dominance in the pre- and ovulatory period allows for a more effective iron status, mediated by hepcidin inhibition. However, P4 during the luteal phase substantially reduces serum Fe and iron stores, possibly related to Hepc stimulation. Future research is required to clarify the relationship between steroid hormones and iron metabolism at the molecular level in equids.
多项研究表明，在女性中，雌激素（E2）和孕酮（P4）等性激素会影响铁（Fe）的调节，导致铁参数在月经周期中出现变化。这些基于铁调素（Hepc）调节的机制在月经周期中限制铁的可用性，但在健康母马中仍未得到充分表征。本研究的目的是确定循环中的纯种西班牙母马体内铁调素、铁、铁蛋白（Ferr）以及主要卵巢激素E2和P4之间的关系。在周期的第-5天、第0天、第+5天和第+16天从31匹纯种西班牙母马采集血样。在卵泡期和排卵期，铁和铁蛋白显著增加，而铁调素减少。雌二醇-17β（E2）的分泌高峰出现在第0天，孕酮（P4）的分泌高峰出现在第+5天至第+16天之间。铁和铁蛋白呈正相关（r = 0.57）。铁和铁蛋白与铁调素呈负相关（分别为r = -0.72和r = -0.02）。E2和P4与铁调素分别呈负相关和正相关（分别为r = -0.753和r = 0.54）。在循环中的纯种西班牙母马中，类固醇激素与全身铁代谢之间存在可测量的关系。卵泡期和排卵期的雌激素优势通过抑制铁调素实现更有效的铁状态。然而，黄体期的孕酮会显著降低血清铁和铁储存，这可能与铁调素的刺激有关。未来需要进一步研究以阐明类固醇激素与马科动物分子水平上铁代谢之间的关系。
