Haq Ihtisham Ul, Krukiewicz Katarzyna, Tayyab Hamnah, Khan Imran, Khan Mehtab, Yahya Galal, Cavalu Simona
Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
J Clin Med. 2023 Apr 1;12(7):2645. doi: 10.3390/jcm12072645.
The genetic variants of HLAs (human leukocyte antigens) play a crucial role in the virus-host interaction and pathology of COVID-19. The genetic variants of HLAs not only influence T cell immune responses but also B cell immune responses by presenting a variety of peptide fragments of invading pathogens. Peptide cocktail vaccines produced by using various conserved HLA-A2 epitopes provoke substantial specific CD8+ T cell responses in experimental animals. The HLA profiles vary among individuals and trigger different T cell-mediated immune responses in COVID-19 infections. Those with HLA-C01 and HLA-B44 are highly susceptible to the disease. However, HLA-A02:01, HLA-DR03:01, and HLA-Cw15:02 alleles show resistance to SARS infection. Understanding the genetic association of HLA with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity is important because it can help in studying the transmission of COVID-19 and its physiopathogenesis. The HLA-C01 and B*44 allele pathways can be studied to gain insight into disease transmission and physiopathogenesis. Therefore, integrating HLA testing is suggested in the ongoing pandemic, which will help in the rapid identification of highly susceptible populations worldwide and possibly acclimate vaccine development. Therefore, understanding the correlation between HLA and SARS-CoV-2 is critical in opening new insights into COVID-19 therapeutics, based on previous studies conducted.
人类白细胞抗原（HLA）的基因变异在新冠病毒与宿主的相互作用以及新冠病毒疾病的病理过程中起着关键作用。HLA的基因变异不仅通过呈递入侵病原体的各种肽片段影响T细胞免疫反应，还影响B细胞免疫反应。利用各种保守的HLA - A2表位生产的肽鸡尾酒疫苗在实验动物中引发大量特异性CD8 + T细胞反应。HLA谱在个体间存在差异，并在新冠病毒感染中引发不同的T细胞介导的免疫反应。携带HLA - C01和HLA - B44的个体对该疾病高度易感。然而，HLA - A02:01、HLA - DR03:01和HLA - Cw15:02等位基因显示出对SARS感染的抗性。了解HLA与新冠病毒易感性和严重程度之间的基因关联很重要，因为这有助于研究新冠病毒的传播及其生理发病机制。可以研究HLA - C01和B*44等位基因途径，以深入了解疾病传播和生理发病机制。因此，建议在当前的疫情大流行中纳入HLA检测，这将有助于在全球范围内快速识别高度易感人群，并可能促进疫苗开发。因此，基于之前进行的研究，了解HLA与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）之间的相关性对于开启新冠病毒治疗的新见解至关重要。
