Hietanen M, Teräväinen H
Acta Neurol Scand. 1986 Feb;73(2):151-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1986.tb03257.x.
The cognitive, memory and psychomotor performance of 67 patients with Parkinson's disease who had not received any antiparkinson medication was compared with the performance of 43 healthy subjects matched by age and education. The principal impairments in the patients were motor ones, evident in various tests such as general motor slowness and delayed initiation of movement, and they correlated with clinical rigidity and hypokinesia but not with tremor. The performance of the patients was inferior to that of the controls in memory tests involving the processing of information and learning (logical memory, associative learning) but not in less demanding tasks such as the retrieval of numbers. The total disability was due to a combined effect of aging and disease. A decrease of about 15% in the psychomotor and cognitive performance, related to aging alone, can be expected to occur between the ages of 50 and 70. The performance of the patients in memory tests and other tests evaluating cognitive capacity did not correlate either with their motor disability or with their mood. A possibility therefore exists that biological processes behind the cognitive decline and the motor disability are separate, even if they may occur simultaneously.
将67名未接受过任何抗帕金森药物治疗的帕金森病患者的认知、记忆和精神运动表现，与43名在年龄和教育程度上相匹配的健康受试者的表现进行了比较。患者的主要损害是运动方面的，在各种测试中都很明显，如一般运动迟缓、运动启动延迟，并且这些损害与临床僵硬和运动减少相关，但与震颤无关。在涉及信息处理和学习的记忆测试（逻辑记忆、联想学习）中，患者的表现不如对照组，但在要求较低的任务（如数的检索）中并非如此。总的残疾是衰老和疾病共同作用的结果。仅与衰老相关的精神运动和认知表现预计在50岁至70岁之间会下降约15%。患者在记忆测试和其他评估认知能力的测试中的表现，既与其运动残疾无关，也与其情绪无关。因此，即使认知衰退和运动残疾可能同时发生，它们背后的生物学过程也有可能是分开的。
