Morris R G, Downes J J, Sahakian B J, Evenden J L, Heald A, Robbins T W
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1988 Jun;51(6):757-66. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.51.6.757.
The higher level cognitive function of planning was studied in a group of medicated Parkinson's disease patients and a group of matched control subjects, using a computerised version of Shallice's Tower of London task. Baseline measurement of the ability to execute a given plan of action, to generate low level strategies required for efficient searching, and spatial working memory capacity, all of which contribute to performance on the planning task, established that the Parkinson's disease group was unimpaired on any of these measures. On the Tower of London task, the Parkinson's disease group was also unimpaired in terms of the average number of moves required to solve a problem. However, a specific planning deficit was evident when "thinking" times were analysed, and this was after the confounding influence of motor initiation and execution times had been carefully extracted from total performance times. This finding is discussed in relation to putative functions of the frontal lobes and basal ganglia, and an attention-switching hypothesis is developed to account for it.
使用沙利斯伦敦塔任务的计算机版本，对一组接受药物治疗的帕金森病患者和一组匹配的对照受试者进行了更高层次的计划认知功能研究。对执行给定行动计划的能力、生成高效搜索所需的低层次策略的能力以及空间工作记忆容量进行基线测量，所有这些都有助于在计划任务中的表现，结果表明帕金森病组在这些测量中的任何一项上均未受损。在伦敦塔任务中，帕金森病组在解决问题所需的平均移动次数方面也未受损。然而，在仔细从总表现时间中提取运动启动和执行时间的混杂影响后，分析“思考”时间时，明显存在特定的计划缺陷。结合额叶和基底神经节的假定功能对这一发现进行了讨论，并提出了一种注意力转换假说来解释这一现象。
