Luo Wenting, Li Yusi, Xu Lina, Yu Yongmei, Ma Jinhai, Wang Yu, Wang Yi, Wu Huajie, Xv Meng, Wu Liting, Zhang Teng, Zheng Jingping, Hao Chuangli, Sun Baoqing
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar 27;9(4):e14914. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14914. eCollection 2023 Apr.
No comprehensive multicenter study of sensitization patterns among patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) to various common pollen allergens was available nationwide, and risks factors of pollen-induced allergic rhinitis (PiAR) in mainland China was unclear. This study aimed to fill this gap.
A multicenter study was performed on 736 AR patients aged below 18 from four regions of mainland China. Patients completed a standardized questionnaire asking for the environmental risk factors and AR severity, and undertook skin prick tests (SPT) with 14 common pollen allergens.
Among the 736 patients, 341 patients (46.33%) suffered at least one positive pollen allergen sensitization. The positive rate of pollen allergens was significantly higher in the high-age group (Damato et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2018; Luo et al., 2016; Demoly et al., 2011; Sampson and Albergo, 1984; Li et al., 2009; Luo et al., 2021; Ziska and Beggs, 2011; Melén et al., 2020; Jensen-Jarolim, 2017; Rönmark et al., 2017; Ge et al., 2017) [6-17] than the low-age group ( ≤ 5), while no significant difference was found between the sexes. The sensitizations to pollen allergens varied widely among four geographical areas. The positive rate was higher in north China and west China than in east China, and south China had the lowest positive rate. The region of residence, ages, ethnic minorities, history of pollen exposure, the material of living room floor and material of pillow were statistically significant risks of PiAR.
This study provides new insights into the pollen allergens sensitization characteristics in AR and the factors affecting PiAR in mainland China.
全国范围内尚无关于过敏性鼻炎（AR）患者对各种常见花粉过敏原致敏模式的全面多中心研究，中国大陆花粉诱导性过敏性鼻炎（PiAR）的危险因素也尚不明确。本研究旨在填补这一空白。
对来自中国大陆四个地区的736名18岁以下的AR患者进行了一项多中心研究。患者完成了一份关于环境危险因素和AR严重程度的标准化问卷，并接受了14种常见花粉过敏原的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）。
在736名患者中，341名患者（46.33%）至少对一种花粉过敏原致敏呈阳性。花粉过敏原的阳性率在高年龄组（达马托等人，2007年；王等人，2018年；罗等人，2016年；德莫利等人，2011年；桑普森和阿尔贝戈，1984年；李等人，2009年；罗等人，2021年；齐斯卡和贝格斯，2011年；梅伦等人，2020年；延森 - 亚罗利姆，2017年；伦马克等人，2017年；葛等人，2017年）[6 - 17]显著高于低年龄组（≤5岁），而性别之间无显著差异。四个地理区域对花粉过敏原的致敏情况差异很大。华北和西部地区的阳性率高于华东地区，华南地区的阳性率最低。居住地区、年龄、少数民族、花粉接触史、客厅地面材料和枕头材料是PiAR的统计学显著危险因素。
本研究为中国大陆AR患者的花粉过敏原致敏特征以及影响PiAR的因素提供了新的见解。
