Li Muxia, Zhang Guohua, Cui Lijun, Zhang Lin, Zhou Qian, Mu Chenxue, Chi Ruixin, Zhang Na, Ma Guansheng
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
The Third Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Mar 29;14:1114228. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1114228. eCollection 2023.
Gut microbiota (GM) dynamics during pregnancy vary among different populations and are affected by many factors, such as living environments and diet. This study aims to observe and evaluate the changes in the structure and function of the GM from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy in Chinese women, and to explore the main factors affecting the changes in intestinal microecology. Fifty-five Chinese pregnant women were recruited for this study and their fecal samples were collected during the first (P1), second (P2), and third trimesters (P3) of pregnancy. We exploited metagenomic sequencing to compare the composition and function of the GM in different pregnancy periods. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that there were differences in the composition of the GM among P1, P2, and P3, as indicated by the increase in α-diversity and β-diversity of the GM and the differences in the relative abundances of distinct bacterial phyla. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was the main factor ( < 0.05) that affected the changes in GM at various stages of pregnancy. There were also disparities in the structure of the GM between the GDM group and non-GDM group in the P1, P2, and P3. The GDM group exhibited increased abundances in , , , , and while, the abundances of , , , and were increased in the non-GDM group. Three of the four species enriched in the non-GDM group manifestied significantly negative correlations with the insulin-signaling pathway and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis ( ≤ -0.3, adjusted < 0.05). In the GDM group, and were significantly and positively correlated with insulin signaling pathway and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis ( ≤ -0.3, adjusted < 0.05) among the species enriched from early pregnancy. Virtually all of the species enriched in P2 and P3 were positively correlated with steroid hormone biosynthesis. These results suggest a potential role for the GM in the development of GDM, enabling the potential prevention of GDM by targeting the GM.
孕期肠道微生物群（GM）的动态变化在不同人群中存在差异，并受多种因素影响，如生活环境和饮食。本研究旨在观察和评估中国女性孕期从孕早期到孕晚期GM结构和功能的变化，并探讨影响肠道微生态变化的主要因素。本研究招募了55名中国孕妇，并在其孕期的第一阶段（P1）、第二阶段（P2）和第三阶段（P3）采集粪便样本。我们利用宏基因组测序比较不同孕期GM的组成和功能。生物信息学分析显示，P1、P2和P3之间GM的组成存在差异，表现为GM的α多样性和β多样性增加以及不同细菌门相对丰度的差异。妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是影响孕期各阶段GM变化的主要因素（<0.05）。P1、P2和P3阶段，GDM组和非GDM组的GM结构也存在差异。GDM组中 、 、 、 和 的丰度增加，而非GDM组中 、 、 和 的丰度增加。非GDM组中富集的四种物种中有三种与胰岛素信号通路和脂多糖生物合成呈显著负相关（≤-0.3，校正后<0.05）。在GDM组中，孕早期富集的物种中 与胰岛素信号通路和脂多糖生物合成呈显著正相关（≤-0.3，校正后<0.05）。几乎所有在P2和P3中富集的物种都与类固醇激素生物合成呈正相关。这些结果表明GM在GDM发生发展中可能发挥作用，有望通过针对GM预防GDM。
