Uzay Burak, Kavalali Ege T
Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN, United States.
Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
Front Synaptic Neurosci. 2023 Mar 31;15:1148957. doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1148957. eCollection 2023.
Synaptic neurotransmitter release is an evolutionarily conserved process that mediates rapid information transfer between neurons as well as several peripheral tissues. Release of neurotransmitters are ensured by successive events such as synaptic vesicle docking and priming that prepare synaptic vesicles for rapid fusion. These events are orchestrated by interaction of different presynaptic proteins and are regulated by presynaptic calcium. Recent studies have identified various mutations in different components of neurotransmitter release machinery resulting in aberrant neurotransmitter release, which underlie a wide spectrum of psychiatric and neurological symptoms. Here, we review how these genetic alterations in different components of the core neurotransmitter release machinery affect the information transfer between neurons and how aberrant synaptic release affects nervous system function.
突触神经递质释放是一个进化上保守的过程，介导神经元之间以及几个外周组织之间的快速信息传递。神经递质的释放通过一系列事件来确保，如突触小泡对接和引发，这些事件使突触小泡为快速融合做好准备。这些事件由不同突触前蛋白的相互作用精心安排，并受突触前钙的调节。最近的研究已经在神经递质释放机制的不同组分中鉴定出各种突变，这些突变导致异常的神经递质释放，这是广泛的精神和神经症状的基础。在这里，我们综述了核心神经递质释放机制不同组分中的这些基因改变如何影响神经元之间的信息传递，以及异常的突触释放如何影响神经系统功能。
