Sinha Nitin, Chawla Mahinder Pal Singh, Deepak Desh, Suri Amit, Jain Piyush, Agarwal Ankit, Bhakhar Manoj Kumar
Department of Medicine, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Singapore Med J. 2025 Jul 1;66(7):354-361. doi: 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2022-055. Epub 2023 Apr 7.
The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has defined the terms, 'acute coronavirus disease 2019' (COVID-19), 'ongoing symptomatic COVID-19' and 'post-COVID-19 syndrome', with the latter two described as having persistent symptoms after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms for 4-12 weeks and >12 weeks, respectively. Persistent symptoms can either be due to the after-effects of COVID-19 or new-onset diseases after acute COVID-19. All symptoms observed beyond 4 weeks after the onset of COVID-19 need not be present at the time of onset. Previous studies on persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms have not mentioned new-onset diseases after acute COVID-19, and only a select few studies have discussed such new-onset symptoms.
Ninety-five patients who attended the post-COVID-19 clinic completed the requisite follow-up till 16 weeks after COVID-19 symptom onset. Data was recorded on a predesigned proforma. Necessary investigations were conducted to rule out any other cause of persistent symptoms.
Fatigue (62.1%), breathlessness (50.5%) and cough (27.4%) were the most common symptoms present beyond 4 weeks after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms. Forty-nine (51.57%) patients developed post-COVID-19 syndrome - their severity of symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 17.77) and longer duration of hospital stay (OR 1.095) during acute disease were significantly associated with the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome. During follow-up, 25 patients developed new-onset symptoms, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and idiopathic tachycardia.
Patients can have persistent symptoms, new-onset symptoms and new-onset diseases after recovery from acute COVID-19.
英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所（NICE）已对“2019年急性冠状病毒病”（COVID-19）、“持续有症状的COVID-19”和“COVID-19后综合征”进行了定义，后两者分别被描述为在COVID-19症状出现4至12周和超过12周后仍有持续症状。持续症状可能是由于COVID-19的后遗症，也可能是急性COVID-19后新发的疾病。在COVID-19症状出现4周后观察到的所有症状在发病时不一定都存在。先前关于COVID-19后持续症状的研究未提及急性COVID-19后新发的疾病，只有少数研究讨论了此类新发症状。
95名到COVID-19后诊所就诊的患者完成了COVID-19症状出现后直至16周的必要随访。数据记录在预先设计的表格上。进行了必要的检查以排除持续症状的任何其他原因。
疲劳（62.1%）、呼吸急促（50.5%）和咳嗽（27.4%）是COVID-19症状出现4周后最常见的症状。49名（51.57%）患者出现了COVID-19后综合征——他们在急性疾病期间的症状严重程度（优势比[OR]为17.77）和更长的住院时间（OR为1.095）与COVID-19后综合征的发生显著相关。在随访期间，25名患者出现了新发症状，如糖尿病、高血压和特发性心动过速。
患者在从急性COVID-19康复后可能会有持续症状、新发症状和新发疾病。
