Gómez-Carmona Carlos D, Rojas-Valverde Daniel, Rico-González Markel, De Oliveira Vinicius C, Lemos Luis, Martins Clarice, Nakamura Fabio Y, Pino-Ortega José
Grupo de Optimización del Entrenamiento y Rendimiento Deportivo (GOERD). Facultad Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Biol Sport. 2023 Apr;40(2):345-352. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.114285. Epub 2022 Jun 1.
This study aimed to identify the most important variables of male and female beach handball workload demands and compare them by sex. A total of 92 elite Brazilian beach handball players (54 male: age 22.1 ± 2.6 years, height 1.8 ± 0.5 m, weight 77.6 ± 13.4 kg; and 38 female: age 24.4 ± 5.5 years, height 1.7 ± 0.5 m, weight 67.5 ± 6.5 kg) were analyzed in 24 official matches during a four-day congested tournament. From 250 variables measured by the inertial measurement unit, fourteen were extracted for analysis using Principal Component Analysis as selection criteria. Five Principal Components (PC) were extracted that explained 81.2-82.8% of total variance (overview of workload demands during beach handball). Specifically, 36.2-39.3% was explained by PC1 (Distance, Distance, Distance, and Acc), 15-18% by PC2 (Acc, Acc, Dec), 10.7-12.9% by PC3 (Jumps Take-Off, Jumps Landing and PL), 8-9.4% by PC4 (Distance, Speed), and 6.7-7.7% by PC5 (HR and Step Balance). Sex-related differences were found in the PC distribution of variables, as well as in selected variables (HR, Dec, Acc, Jumps Take-Off, Jumps Landing, Acc, Distance, Distance, Acc, Speed) with higher values in male players (p < .05). In conclusion, the sex-related PC distribution and workload demands in beach handball should consider for training design and injury prevention programs.
本研究旨在确定男女沙滩手球运动负荷需求的最重要变量，并按性别进行比较。在为期四天的密集赛事中的24场正式比赛中，对总共92名巴西精英沙滩手球运动员进行了分析，其中男性54名（年龄22.1±2.6岁，身高1.8±0.5米，体重77.6±13.4千克），女性38名（年龄24.4±5.5岁，身高1.7±0.5米，体重67.5±6.5千克）。根据惯性测量单元测量的250个变量，以主成分分析作为选择标准提取了14个变量进行分析。提取了五个主成分（PC），它们解释了总方差的81.2 - 82.8%（沙滩手球运动负荷需求概述）。具体而言，PC1（距离、距离、距离和加速度）解释了36.2 - 39.3%，PC2（加速度、加速度、减速度）解释了15 - 18%，PC3（起跳、着陆和传球力度）解释了10.7 - 12.9%，PC4（距离、速度）解释了8 - 9.4%，PC5（心率和步幅平衡）解释了6.7 - 7.7%。在变量的主成分分布以及选定变量（心率、减速度、加速度、起跳、着陆、加速度、距离、距离、加速度、速度）中发现了性别差异，男性运动员的这些变量值更高（p <.05）。总之，在设计训练和预防损伤计划时，应考虑沙滩手球运动中与性别相关的主成分分布和运动负荷需求。
