Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2023 Apr 26;11:e42679. doi: 10.2196/42679.
Self-management plays a critical role in maintaining and improving the health of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite their potential, existing mobile health (mHealth) self-management support (SMS) tools for SCI have not been comprehensively described in terms of their characteristics and approaches. It is important to have an overview of these tools to know how best to select, further develop, and improve them.
The objective of this systematic literature review was to identify mHealth SMS tools for SCI and summarize their characteristics and approaches to offering SMS.
A systematic review of the literature published between January 2010 and March 2022 was conducted across 8 bibliographic databases. The data synthesis was guided by the self-management task taxonomy by Corbin and Strauss, the self-management skill taxonomy by Lorig and Holman, and the Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support taxonomy. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) standards guided the reporting.
A total of 24 publications reporting on 19 mHealth SMS tools for SCI were included. These tools were introduced from 2015 onward and used various mHealth technologies and multimedia formats to provide SMS using 9 methods identified by the Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support taxonomy (eg, social support and lifestyle advice and support). The identified tools focused on common SCI self-management areas (eg, bowel, bladder, and pain management) and overlooked areas such as sexual dysfunction problems and environmental problems, including barriers in the built environment. Most tools (12/19, 63%) unexpectedly supported a single self-management task instead of all 3 tasks (ie, medical, role, and emotional management), and emotional management tasks had very little support. All self-management skills (eg, problem-solving, decision-making, and action planning) had coverage, but a single tool addressed resource use. The identified mHealth SMS tools were similar in terms of number, introduction period, geographical distribution, and technical sophistication compared with SMS tools for other chronic conditions.
This systematic literature review provides one of the first descriptions of mHealth SMS tools for SCI in terms of their characteristics and approaches to offering SMS. This study's findings highlight a need for increased coverage of key SMS for SCI components; adopting comparable usability, user experience, and accessibility evaluation methods; and related research to provide more detailed reporting. Future research should consider other data sources such as app stores and technology-centric bibliographic databases to complement this compilation by identifying other possibly overlooked mHealth SMS tools. A consideration of this study's findings is expected to support the selection, development, and improvement of mHealth SMS tools for SCI.
自我管理在维持和改善脊髓损伤（SCI）患者的健康方面起着至关重要的作用。尽管现有的移动医疗（mHealth）自我管理支持（SMS）工具具有潜力，但尚未全面描述其特点和提供 SMS 的方法。了解这些工具的全貌有助于更好地选择、进一步开发和改进它们。
本系统文献综述旨在确定用于 SCI 的 mHealth SMS 工具，并总结其提供 SMS 的特点和方法。
对 2010 年 1 月至 2022 年 3 月期间发表的文献进行了系统的文献综述，检索了 8 个文献数据库。数据综合采用 Corbin 和 Strauss 的自我管理任务分类法、Lorig 和 Holman 的自我管理技能分类法以及 Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support 分类法。PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）标准指导报告。
共纳入 24 项报告 19 种用于 SCI 的 mHealth SMS 工具的出版物。这些工具于 2015 年以后推出，使用了各种 mHealth 技术和多媒体格式，通过 Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support 分类法确定的 9 种方法提供 SMS（例如，社会支持和生活方式建议和支持）。确定的工具侧重于常见的 SCI 自我管理领域（例如，肠、膀胱和疼痛管理），但忽略了性性功能问题和环境问题等领域，包括建筑环境中的障碍。大多数工具（19 个中的 12 个，63%）意外地支持单个自我管理任务，而不是所有 3 个任务（即医疗、角色和情感管理），并且对情感管理任务的支持很少。所有自我管理技能（例如，解决问题、决策和行动计划）都有涵盖，但单个工具解决了资源利用问题。与其他慢性疾病的 SMS 工具相比，确定的 mHealth SMS 工具在数量、引入时间、地理分布和技术复杂性方面具有相似性。
本系统文献综述首次从提供 SMS 的特点和方法方面描述了用于 SCI 的 mHealth SMS 工具。本研究的结果强调了需要增加对 SCI 关键 SMS 组成部分的覆盖；采用可比的可用性、用户体验和可访问性评估方法；以及相关研究以提供更详细的报告。未来的研究应该考虑其他数据源，如应用商店和以技术为中心的文献数据库，以通过识别其他可能被忽视的 mHealth SMS 工具来补充这一汇编。考虑本研究的结果有望支持用于 SCI 的 mHealth SMS 工具的选择、开发和改进。
