生命的十八个显著特征。
Eighteen distinctive characteristics of life.
作者信息
Çengel Yunus A
机构信息
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2023 Feb 10;9(3):e13603. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13603. eCollection 2023 Mar.
A practical approach in the inquiry of life is to contrast living beings with nonliving ones from different perspectives and extract the distinctive features of living beings. We can identify features and mechanisms that truthfully account for the differences between living and nonliving beings by making rigorous logic-based inferences. The set of these differences constitutes the traits or characteristics of life. When the living beings are carefully examined, the apparent characteristics of life are ascertained to be , and the . Each feature is described, justified, and explained in detail in this observation-based philosophical article. Among them, an with purpose, knowledge, and power is the key feature of life without which the behavior of living beings cannot be explained. These eighteen characteristics constitute a reasonably comprehensive set of features to distinguish living beings from nonliving ones. However, the enigma of life remains.
一种探究生命的实用方法是从不同角度将生物与非生物进行对比，并提取生物的独特特征。通过进行严谨的基于逻辑的推理，我们可以识别出能够真实解释生物与非生物之间差异的特征和机制。这些差异的集合构成了生命的特质或特征。当仔细研究生物时，生命的明显特征被确定为 ，以及 。在这篇基于观察的哲学文章中，对每个特征都进行了详细描述、论证和解释。其中，具有目的、知识和力量的 是生命的关键特征，没有这一特征，生物的行为就无法得到解释。这十八个特征构成了一套相当全面的用以区分生物与非生物的特征。然而，生命之谜依然存在。
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