Ribeiro Jessica, Silva Vanessa, Monteiro Andreia, Vieira-Pinto Madalena, Igrejas Gilberto, Reis Filipa S, Barros Lillian, Poeta Patrícia
Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisbon, 2829-516 Lisbon, Portugal.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Apr 15;13(8):1362. doi: 10.3390/ani13081362.
Chickens can acquire bacteria at different stages, and bacterial diversity can occur due to production practices, diet, and environment. The changes in consumer trends have led to increased animal production, and chicken meat is one of the most consumed meats. To ensure high levels of production, antimicrobials have been used in livestock for therapeutic purposes, disease prevention, and growth promotion, contributing to the development of antimicrobial resistance across the resident microbiota. spp. and are normal inhabitants of the gastrointestinal microbiota of chickens that can develop strains capable of causing a wide range of diseases, i.e., opportunistic pathogens. spp. isolated from broilers have shown resistance to at least seven classes of antibiotics, while have shown resistance to at least four. Furthermore, some clonal lineages, such as ST16, ST194, and ST195 in spp. and ST117 in , have been identified in humans and animals. These data suggest that consuming contaminated animal-source food, direct contact with animals, or environmental exposure can lead to the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this review focused on spp. and from the broiler industry to better understand how antibiotic-resistant strains have emerged, which antibiotic-resistant genes are most common, what clonal lineages are shared between broilers and humans, and their impact through a One Health perspective.
鸡在不同阶段会感染细菌，由于生产方式、饮食和环境的原因，细菌多样性可能会出现。消费者趋势的变化导致动物产量增加，鸡肉是消费最多的肉类之一。为确保高产，抗菌药物已被用于家畜的治疗、疾病预防和生长促进，这促使了常驻微生物群中抗菌药物耐药性的发展。[具体菌名1]和[具体菌名2]是鸡胃肠道微生物群的正常栖息菌，它们可以产生能够引发多种疾病的菌株，即机会性病原体。从肉鸡中分离出的[具体菌名1]菌株已显示出对至少七类抗生素具有耐药性，而[具体菌名2]已显示出对至少四类抗生素具有耐药性。此外，已在人和动物中鉴定出一些克隆谱系，例如[具体菌名1]中的ST16、ST194和ST195以及[具体菌名2]中的ST117。这些数据表明，食用受污染的动物源食品、直接接触动物或环境暴露可导致抗菌药物耐药菌的传播。因此，本综述聚焦于肉鸡行业中的[具体菌名1]和[具体菌名2]，以便从“同一健康”的角度更好地了解抗生素耐药菌株是如何出现的、哪些抗生素耐药基因最为常见、肉鸡和人类之间共享哪些克隆谱系以及它们的影响。
