Ameen Alind M, Abdulaziz Nadhim S, Ghaffar Nacheervan M
Duhok Veterinary Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, Duhok 42001, Iraq.
University of Zakho, Zakho International Road, Duhok 42002, Iraq.
Pathogens. 2023 Apr 1;12(4):544. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12040544.
Brucellosis in sheep and goats has a significant economic and zoonotic impact on the livestock population of Duhok province, Iraq. A total of 681 blood samples from aborted sheep and goats were collected from different flocks in seven districts of Duhok and tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Logistic regression was used for the analysis of the potential risk factors associated with RT-PCR positivity. Results revealed an overall prevalence of 35.45% (CI = 2.57) and 23.8% 18 (CI = 0.44) in sheep and goats, respectively. A statistically significant ( = 0.004) difference in prevalence was found between the two species. RT-PCR detected more positive cases in older-aged animals (OR = 0.7164; = 0.073). A significant difference was found in RT-PCR positivity in relation to different risk factors, including body condition, treatment taken, and abortion frequency (<0.001). The phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the isolates belonged to and shared a common ancestor and were genetically related to the United States of America (USA), Greece, China, and Nigeria. This study demonstrates that brucellosis is widely prevalent in the study regions. Therefore, the study suggests the implementation of preventive control measures for brucellosis.
绵羊和山羊布鲁氏菌病对伊拉克杜胡克省的牲畜种群具有重大的经济和人畜共患病影响。从杜胡克七个区的不同羊群中采集了总共681份来自流产绵羊和山羊的血样，并使用实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）进行检测。采用逻辑回归分析与RT-PCR阳性相关的潜在风险因素。结果显示，绵羊和山羊的总体患病率分别为35.45%（CI = 2.57）和23.8%（CI = 0.44）。发现两个物种之间的患病率存在统计学显著差异（P = 0.004）。RT-PCR在老年动物中检测到更多阳性病例（OR = 0.7164；P = 0.073）。在RT-PCR阳性方面，发现与不同风险因素存在显著差异，包括身体状况、接受的治疗和流产频率（P<0.001）。基于16S rRNA基因的系统发育树表明，分离株属于布鲁氏菌属，有一个共同祖先，并且在基因上与美国、希腊、中国和尼日利亚相关。本研究表明布鲁氏菌病在研究区域广泛流行。因此，该研究建议实施布鲁氏菌病的预防控制措施。
