Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Behav Genet. 2023 May;53(3):208-218. doi: 10.1007/s10519-023-10142-1. Epub 2023 Apr 26.
Using baseline (ages 9-10) and two-year follow-up (ages 11-12) data from monozygotic and dizygotic twins enrolled in the longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, we investigated the genetic and environmental contributions to microstructure and volume of nine subcortical gray matter regions. Microstructure was assessed using diffusion MRI data analyzed using restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) models. The highest heritability estimates (estimate [95% confidence interval]) for microstructure were found using the RSI model in the pallidum (baseline: 0.859 [0.818, 0.889], follow-up: 0.835 [0.787, 0.871]), putamen (baseline: 0.859 [0.819, 0.889], follow-up: 0.874 [0.838, 0.902]), and thalamus (baseline: 0.855 [0.814, 0.887], follow-up: 0.819 [0.769, 0.857]). For volumes the corresponding regions were the caudate (baseline: 0.831 [0.688, 0.992], follow-up: 0.848 [0.701, 1.011]) and putamen (baseline: 0.906 [0.875, 0.914], follow-up: 0.906 [0.885, 0.923]). The subcortical regions displayed high genetic stability (rA = 0.743-1.000) across time and exhibited unique environmental correlations (rE = 0.194-0.610). Individual differences in both gray matter microstructure and volumes can be largely explained by additive genetic effects in this sample.
利用单卵双胞胎和双卵双胞胎在纵向青少年大脑认知发展研究中的基线（9-10 岁）和两年随访（11-12 岁）数据，我们研究了遗传和环境因素对 9 个皮质下灰质区域微观结构和体积的贡献。微观结构使用扩散 MRI 数据进行评估，使用限制谱成像（RSI）和扩散张量成像（DTI）模型进行分析。使用 RSI 模型对微观结构进行分析时，发现苍白球（基线：0.859[0.818,0.889]，随访：0.835[0.787,0.871]）、壳核（基线：0.859[0.819,0.889]，随访：0.874[0.838,0.902]）和丘脑（基线：0.855[0.814,0.887]，随访：0.819[0.769,0.857]）的遗传率估计值最高。对于体积，相应的区域是尾状核（基线：0.831[0.688,0.992]，随访：0.848[0.701,1.011]）和壳核（基线：0.906[0.875,0.914]，随访：0.906[0.885,0.923]）。皮质下区域在时间上表现出高度的遗传稳定性（rA=0.743-1.000），并表现出独特的环境相关性（rE=0.194-0.610）。在该样本中，个体在灰质微观结构和体积方面的差异可以很大程度上用可加遗传效应来解释。
