First Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, Athens, Greece.
Arch Virol. 2023 May 2;168(5):149. doi: 10.1007/s00705-023-05769-8.
Rotavirus group A (RVA) is characterized by molecular and epidemiological diversity. To date, 42 G and 58 P RVA genotypes have been identified, some of which, like P[14], have a zoonotic origin. In this study, we describe the epidemiology of unusual RVA genotypes and the molecular characteristics of P[14] strains. Fecal samples from children ≤ 16 years of age with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) who were hospitalized during 2007-2021 in Greece were tested for RVA by immunochromatography. Positive RVA samples were G and P genotyped, and part of the VP7 and VP4 genes were sequenced by the Sanger method. Epidemiological data were also recorded. Phylogenetic analysis of P[14] was performed using MEGA 11 software. Sixty-two (1.4%) out of 4427 children with RVA AGE were infected with an unusual G (G6/G8/G10) or P (P[6]/P[9]/P[10]/P[11]/P[14]) genotype. Their median (IQR) age was 18.7 (37.3) months, and 67.7% (42/62) were males. None of the children were vaccinated against RVA. P[9] (28/62; 45.2%) was the most common unusual genotype, followed by P[14] (12/62; 19.4%). In the last two years, during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, an emergence of P[14] was observed (5/12, 41.6%) after an 8-year absence. The highest prevalence of P[14] infection was seen in the spring (91.7%). The combinations G8P[14] (41.7%), G6P[14] (41.7%), and G4P[14] (16.6%) were also detected. Phylogenetic analysis showed a potential evolutionary relationship of three human RVA P[14] strains to a fox strain from Croatia. These findings suggest a possible zoonotic origin of P[14] and interspecies transmission between nondomestic animals and humans, which may lead to new RVA genotypes with unknown severity.
轮状病毒 A 组（RVA）的特点是分子和流行病学多样性。迄今为止，已经确定了 42 种 G 和 58 种 P RVA 基因型，其中一些，如 P[14]，具有动物源。在这项研究中，我们描述了不常见的 RVA 基因型的流行病学和 P[14]株的分子特征。对 2007 年至 2021 年期间在希腊住院的≤16 岁急性胃肠炎（AGE）儿童的粪便样本进行免疫层析法检测 RVA。对阳性 RVA 样本进行 G 和 P 基因分型，并通过 Sanger 法对 VP7 和 VP4 基因的一部分进行测序。还记录了流行病学数据。使用 MEGA 11 软件对 P[14]进行系统发育分析。在 4427 名患有 RVA AGE 的儿童中，有 62 名（1.4%）感染了不常见的 G（G6/G8/G10）或 P（P[6]/P[9]/P[10]/P[11]/P[14]）基因型。他们的中位（IQR）年龄为 18.7（37.3）个月，67.7%（42/62）为男性。没有儿童接种过 RVA 疫苗。最常见的不常见基因型是 P[9]（28/62；45.2%），其次是 P[14]（12/62；19.4%）。在过去两年 COVID-19 大流行期间，在 8 年没有出现后，观察到 P[14]的出现（5/12，41.6%）。P[14]感染的最高流行率出现在春季（91.7%）。还检测到 G8P[14]（41.7%）、G6P[14]（41.7%）和 G4P[14]（16.6%）的组合。系统发育分析表明，人类 RVA P[14]的三种菌株与来自克罗地亚的狐狸菌株存在潜在的进化关系。这些发现表明 P[14]可能具有动物源，并且非家养动物和人类之间存在种间传播，这可能导致具有未知严重程度的新 RVA 基因型。
