Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University. Chicago, IL, USA.
College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2023 May 4;2023(61):84-103. doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad008.
Intermittent fasting entails restricting food intake during specific times of day, days of the week, religious practice, or surrounding clinically important events. Herein, the metabolic and circadian rhythm mechanisms underlying the proposed benefits of intermittent fasting for the cancer population are described. We summarize epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical studies in cancer published between January 2020 and August 2022 and propose avenues for future research. An outstanding concern regarding the use of intermittent fasting among cancer patients is that fasting often results in caloric restriction, which can put patients already prone to malnutrition, cachexia, or sarcopenia at risk. Although clinical trials do not yet provide sufficient data to support the general use of intermittent fasting in clinical practice, this summary may be useful for patients, caregivers, and clinicians who are exploring intermittent fasting as part of their cancer journey for clinical outcomes and symptom management.
间歇性禁食是指在一天中的特定时间、一周中的特定天数、宗教活动或围绕临床重要事件限制食物摄入。在此，描述了间歇性禁食对癌症患者提出的益处的代谢和昼夜节律机制。我们总结了 2020 年 1 月至 2022 年 8 月期间发表的癌症的流行病学、临床前和临床研究，并提出了未来研究的途径。癌症患者使用间歇性禁食的一个突出问题是，禁食通常会导致热量限制，这可能使已经容易出现营养不良、恶病质或肌肉减少症的患者面临风险。尽管临床试验尚未提供足够的数据支持间歇性禁食在临床实践中的常规使用，但本总结对于正在探索间歇性禁食作为其癌症治疗一部分以获得临床结果和症状管理的患者、护理人员和临床医生可能会有所帮助。
