Quaium Adnan, Al-Nabhan Najla Abdulrahman, Rahaman Masfiqur, Salim Saiful Islam, Toha Tarik Reza, Noor Jannatun, Hossain Mainul, Islam Nafisa, Mostak Aaiyeesha, Islam Md Shihabul, Mushfiq Md Masum, Jahan Ishrat, Islam A B M Alim Al
Next-generation Computing (NeC) Research Group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, 1208, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2023 Apr 14;9(5):e15486. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15486. eCollection 2023 May.
The annual Hajj presents diversified negative experiences to millions of pilgrims worldwide. The negative experiences and recommendations to overcome them as per pilgrims' feedback are yet to be analyzed from an aggregated perspective in the literature, which we do in this paper. To do so, first, we perform a large-scale survey (n=988) using our comprehensive questionnaire. Then, we perform both quantitative (e.g., clustering) and qualitative (e.g., thematic) analyses on the survey data. Our quantitative analysis reveals up to seven clusters of negative experiences. Further, going beyond the quantitative analysis, our qualitative analysis reveals 21 types of negative experiences, 20 types of recommendations, and nine themes connecting the negative experiences and recommendations. Accordingly, we reveal associations among the negative experiences and recommendations based on the themes in thematic analysis and present the associations through a tripartite graph. However, we have some limitations in this study, such as fewer female and young participants. In future, we plan to collect more responses from female and young participants and extend our work by analyzing linkages in the tripartite graph by augmenting the edges within the graph with appropriate weights. Overall, the findings of this study are expected to facilitate the prioritization of tasks for the management personnel in charge of the Hajj pilgrimage.
每年的朝觐给全球数百万朝圣者带来了各种各样的负面体验。朝圣者反馈的负面体验以及克服这些体验的建议,在文献中尚未从综合角度进行分析,本文将对此进行研究。为此,首先,我们使用全面的问卷进行了大规模调查(n = 988)。然后,我们对调查数据进行了定量分析(例如聚类分析)和定性分析(例如主题分析)。我们的定量分析揭示了多达七个负面体验类别。此外,除了定量分析,我们的定性分析还揭示了21种负面体验类型、20种建议类型以及九个连接负面体验和建议的主题。据此,我们基于主题分析揭示了负面体验与建议之间的关联,并通过三方图展示了这些关联。然而,本研究存在一些局限性,例如女性和年轻参与者较少。未来,我们计划从女性和年轻参与者那里收集更多反馈,并通过用适当权重增强图内边来分析三方图中的联系,从而扩展我们的工作。总体而言,本研究结果有望为负责朝觐朝圣的管理人员确定任务优先级提供便利。