Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA -
Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2023 Jun;158(3):217-223. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.23.07594-1. Epub 2023 May 11.
Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a common, hyperkeratotic skin condition characterized by small, folliculocentric papules with variable perifollicular erythema. We provide an updated review on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of this common, and often annoying, finding. KP represents a family of follicular disorders, of which KP simplex is by far the most common. Other variants and rare subtypes include keratosis pilaris rubra, erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli, and the spectrum of keratosis pilaris atrophicans. Inherited mutations of the FLG gene and ABCA12 gene have been implicated etiologically. KP may be associated with ichthyosis vulgaris and palmar hyperlinearity, but less likely atopic dermatitis. Some potential differential diagnoses for KP include lichen spinulosus, phrynoderma, ichthyosis vulgaris, and trichostasis spinulosa. General cutaneous measures such as hydrating skin, avoiding long baths or showers, and using mild soaps or cleansers should be recommended. Topical keratolytic agents are first-line therapy, followed by topical retinoids and corticosteroids. Recent options include a variety of lasers and microdermabrasion if the patient is refractory to topical therapy.
毛发角化病（KP）是一种常见的角化过度性皮肤疾病，其特征为毛囊中心的小丘疹，伴有不同程度的毳毛周围红斑。我们对这种常见且常令人烦恼的疾病的发病机制、临床表现和治疗方法进行了更新。KP 代表一组毛囊疾病，其中单纯性毛发角化病是最常见的。其他变体和罕见亚型包括毛发红糠疹、颜面和颈部红斑性毛囊角化病以及萎缩性毛发角化病。FLG 基因和 ABCA12 基因突变与发病机制有关。KP 可能与寻常型鱼鳞病和掌跖过度角化有关，但与特应性皮炎关系不大。KP 的一些潜在鉴别诊断包括棘状毛囊角化病、糠疹、寻常型鱼鳞病和毳毛囊肿。建议患者采取一般皮肤护理措施，如保湿、避免长时间洗澡或淋浴、使用温和的肥皂或清洁剂。局部角质松解剂是一线治疗方法，其次是局部维 A 酸和皮质类固醇。如果患者对局部治疗无效，最近的选择包括各种激光和微晶磨削术。
