Lin Yan, Li Dan, Ma Zhao, Che Lianqiang, Feng Bin, Fang Zhengfeng, Xu Shengyu, Zhuo Yong, Li Jian, Hua Lun, Wu De, Zhang Junjie, Wang Yuanxiao
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Apr 12;14:1142174. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1142174. eCollection 2023.
Several studies have evaluated the effects of tributyrin on sow reproductive performance; however, none of these studies have investigated the effects of tributyrin on sow gut microbiota and its potential interactions with immune systems and milk composition. Therefore, we speculated that tributyrin, the combination of butyrate and mono-butyrin without odor, would reach the hindgut and affect the intestinal microbiota composition and play a better role in regulating sow reproductive performance, gut flora, and health.
Thirty sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (CON) and the tributyrin group (TB), which received basal diet supplemented with 0.05% tributyrin. The experimental period lasted for 35 days from late pregnancy to lactation.
The results showed that TB supplementation significantly shortened the total parturition time and reduced the diarrhea rate in suckling piglets. On day 20 of lactation, the milk fat and protein levels increased by 9 and 4%, respectively. TB supplementation significantly improved the digestibility of dry material, gross energy, and crude fat in the sow diet, but had no significant effect on crude protein digestibility. Furthermore, TB supplementation increased the levels of IL-10, IL-6, and IgA in the blood of weaned piglets, but had no effect on maternal immunity. Analysis of the fecal microbial composition revealed that the addition of TB during late gestation and lactation increased the microbiota diversity in sows and piglets. At the phylum level, sows in the TB group had a slight increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota and a decrease in Firmicutes. At the order level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillales was increased in piglets and sows, and the TB group showed increased relative abundance of Enterobacterales and significantly decreased relative abundance of Oscillospirales in piglets. At family level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Christensenellaceae increased in sows, and the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae increased in piglets. At genus level, the relative abundance of increased in sows and piglets, but the relative abundance of and _group decreased in piglets in the TB group.
In conclusion, tributyrin supplementation shortened the farrowing duration and reduced the diarrhea rate of piglets by improving the inflammatory response and composition of gut microbiota in piglets and sows.
多项研究评估了丁酸甘油酯对母猪繁殖性能的影响；然而，这些研究均未探究丁酸甘油酯对母猪肠道微生物群的影响及其与免疫系统和乳汁成分的潜在相互作用。因此，我们推测，丁酸甘油酯作为无气味的丁酸盐和单丁酸甘油酯的组合，会到达后肠并影响肠道微生物群组成，在调节母猪繁殖性能、肠道菌群和健康方面发挥更好的作用。
30头母猪（长白猪×大白猪）随机分为两组：对照组（CON）和丁酸甘油酯组（TB），后者在基础日粮中添加0.05%的丁酸甘油酯。实验期从妊娠后期到哺乳期持续35天。
结果表明，添加丁酸甘油酯显著缩短了总产仔时间，并降低了哺乳仔猪的腹泻率。在哺乳期第20天，乳脂和蛋白质水平分别提高了9%和4%。添加丁酸甘油酯显著提高了母猪日粮中干物质、总能和粗脂肪的消化率，但对粗蛋白消化率无显著影响。此外，添加丁酸甘油酯提高了断奶仔猪血液中IL-10、IL-6和IgA的水平，但对母体免疫力无影响。粪便微生物组成分析表明，在妊娠后期和哺乳期添加丁酸甘油酯增加了母猪和仔猪的微生物群多样性。在门水平上，TB组母猪中拟杆菌门和螺旋体门的相对丰度略有增加，厚壁菌门减少。在目水平上，仔猪和母猪中乳杆菌目的相对丰度增加，TB组仔猪中肠杆菌目的相对丰度增加，颤螺菌目的相对丰度显著降低。在科水平上，母猪中乳酸杆菌科、颤螺菌科和克里斯滕森菌科的相对丰度增加，仔猪中肠杆菌科和乳酸杆菌科的相对丰度增加。在属水平上，母猪和仔猪中[此处原文缺失属名]的相对丰度增加，但TB组仔猪中[此处原文缺失属名]和[此处原文缺失属名]_组的相对丰度降低。
总之，添加丁酸甘油酯通过改善仔猪和母猪肠道微生物群的炎症反应和组成，缩短了产仔持续时间并降低了仔猪腹泻率。
