Thom Julia, Kuhnert Ronny, Born Sabine, Hapke Ulfert
Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Berlin.
J Health Monit. 2017 Oct 9;2(3):68-76. doi: 10.17886/RKI-GBE-2017-069. eCollection 2017 Oct.
Depression is a frequent mental disorder and has a growing importance in health care provision. In GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS, 9.7% of women and 6.3% of men self-reported having received a medical diagnosis of depression during the past 12 months. For both genders, the rate of self-reported diagnoses of depression is highest in the 45- to 64-year age group. Education thereby plays a significant role. Prevalence for women from low education is about double that of women from high education backgrounds (12.2% compared with 6.5%). The education gradient for men is smaller (7.5% compared with 5.1%). Prevalence rates also differ sharply between federal states (for women, between 5.4% and 13.4%; for men, between 3.3% and 9.4%). These results are discussed in the light of data currently available.
抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍，在医疗保健服务中的重要性日益凸显。在2014/2015年德国健康访谈与疾病调查（GEDA）- 欧洲健康访谈调查（EHIS）中，9.7%的女性和6.3%的男性自我报告在过去12个月内接受过抑郁症的医学诊断。对于男女两性而言，自我报告的抑郁症诊断率在45至64岁年龄组中最高。教育程度在其中起着重要作用。低教育程度女性的患病率约为高教育背景女性的两倍（分别为12.2%和6.5%）。男性的教育程度差异较小（分别为7.5%和5.1%）。各联邦州之间的患病率也存在显著差异（女性为5.4%至13.4%；男性为3.3%至9.4%）。本文根据现有数据对这些结果进行了讨论。
