Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Apr 23;20(9):5616. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20095616.
Marketing unhealthy products by multinational corporations has caused considerable harm to individual health, collective wellbeing, and environmental sustainability. This is a growing threat to all societies and a significant contributor to the rising global burden of non-communicable diseases and early mortality. While there is growing consideration of the commercial determinants of health, this is largely focused on the methods by which unhealthy products are marketed and disseminated, including efforts to manipulate policy. Little attention has been paid to the underlying psychological traits and worldviews that are driving corporate greed. Here, we consider the role of "dispositional greed" in the commercial determinants of health with a focus on the historical attitudes and culture in the ultra-processed food industry-exemplified by "The Founder" of the McDonald's franchise. We argue that greed and associated psychological constructs, such as social dominance orientation and collective narcissism, permeate the commercial determinants of health at a collective level. This includes how a culture of greed within organizations, and individual dispositional greed, can magnify and cluster at scale, perpetuated by social dominance orientation. We also consider the ways in which "showbiz" marketing specifically targets marginalized populations and vulnerable groups, including children-in ways that are justified, or even celebrated despite clear links to non-communicable diseases and increased mortality. Finally, we consider how greed and exploitative mindsets mirror cultural values and priorities, with trends for increasing collective narcissism at scale, recognizing that many of these attitudes are cultivated in early life. A healthier future will depend on navigating a path that balances material prosperity with physical and spiritual wellbeing. This will require cultural change that places higher value on kindness, reciprocity, and mutualistic values especially in early life, for more equitable flourishing.
跨国公司推销不健康产品，给个人健康、集体健康和环境可持续性造成了相当大的危害。这是对所有社会日益严重的威胁，也是导致非传染性疾病和过早死亡全球负担日益加重的一个主要因素。虽然人们越来越关注健康的商业决定因素，但这主要集中在推销和传播不健康产品的方法上，包括努力操纵政策。人们很少关注推动企业贪婪的潜在心理特征和世界观。在这里，我们考虑“倾向贪婪”在健康的商业决定因素中的作用，重点是超加工食品行业的历史态度和文化——以麦当劳特许经营的“创始人”为例。我们认为，贪婪以及相关的心理结构，如社会支配倾向和集体自恋，在集体层面上渗透到健康的商业决定因素中。这包括组织内部的贪婪文化以及个人的倾向贪婪如何在社会支配倾向的作用下放大和规模化，得以延续。我们还考虑了“演艺界”营销如何特别针对边缘化人群和弱势群体，包括儿童——尽管与非传染性疾病和死亡率上升有明确关联，但这些方式却被视为合理的，甚至是值得庆祝的。最后，我们考虑贪婪和剥削心态如何反映文化价值观和优先事项，以及集体自恋趋势的规模化，认识到这些态度中的许多是在早期生活中培养出来的。更健康的未来将取决于在物质繁荣与身心健康之间找到平衡的道路。这将需要文化变革，更加重视善良、互惠和互利价值观，特别是在早期生活中，以实现更公平的繁荣。
Zotero 插件