Folhes Orlando, Reis Víctor Machado, Marques Diogo Luís, Neiva Henrique Pereira, Marques Mário Cardoso
Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
Department of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
J Hum Kinet. 2023 Jan 20;86:205-215. doi: 10.5114/jhk/159453. eCollection 2023 Mar.
This study aimed to analyze the influence of the competitive level and weight class on technical performance and physiological and psychophysiological responses during simulated MMA fights. Twenty MMA male athletes were divided into four groups: heavyweight elite (HWE; n = 6), lightweight elite (LWE; n = 3), heavyweight professional (HWP; n = 4), and lightweight professional (LWP; n = 7). All athletes performed four simulated fights of three 5-min rounds with a 1-min rest interval. Each fight was recorded using a video camera to analyze offensive and defensive actions. Moreover, the following measures were made: heart rate (before and after each round), blood lactate concentration (before and after the fight), readiness state (before each round), and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) (after each round). The main findings were: i) LWE athletes applied more offensive touches than LWP athletes; ii) HWP athletes presented higher heart rate values than LWP athletes after the first round; however, LWP athletes presented greater heart rate changes than HWP athletes from the first to the second round; iii) no differences existed between groups in blood lactate concentration and readiness state; and iv) HWP and LWP athletes presented higher RPE values than LWE athletes in the first and third rounds; however, LWE athletes presented greater RPE changes than HWE, HWP, and LWP athletes from the first to the second and third rounds. This study shows that LWE athletes apply more offensive touches than LWP athletes during simulated MMA fights. Moreover, lightweight athletes tend to increase their physiological demand as the combat evolves, which is also reflected in their RPE.
本研究旨在分析竞争水平和体重级别对模拟综合格斗（MMA）比赛期间技术表现以及生理和心理生理反应的影响。20名男性MMA运动员被分为四组：重量级精英组（HWE；n = 6）、轻量级精英组（LWE；n = 3）、重量级职业组（HWP；n = 4）和轻量级职业组（LWP；n = 7）。所有运动员进行了四场模拟比赛，每场比赛为三个5分钟回合，回合间休息1分钟。每场比赛都用摄像机记录，以分析进攻和防守动作。此外，还进行了以下测量：心率（每回合前后）、血乳酸浓度（比赛前后）、准备状态（每回合前）和主观用力程度（RPE）（每回合后）。主要研究结果如下：i）LWE组运动员比LWP组运动员施加了更多的进攻性接触；ii）第一轮比赛后，HWP组运动员的心率值高于LWP组运动员；然而，从第一轮至第二轮，LWP组运动员的心率变化比HWP组运动员更大；iii）各组之间血乳酸浓度和准备状态不存在差异；iv）在第一和第三轮比赛中，HWP组和LWP组运动员的RPE值高于LWE组运动员；然而，从第一轮至第二和第三轮，LWE组运动员的RPE变化比HWE组、HWP组和LWP组运动员更大。本研究表明，在模拟MMA比赛期间，LWE组运动员比LWP组运动员施加了更多的进攻性接触。此外，随着比赛的进行，轻量级运动员往往会增加其生理需求，这也反映在他们的RPE上。
