School of Applied Sciences & Humanities, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 23;13(4):416. doi: 10.3390/bios13040416.
Biosensors are analytical tools that can be used as simple, real-time, and effective devices in clinical diagnosis, food analysis, and environmental monitoring. Nanoscale functional materials possess unique properties such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, making them useful for biomedical diagnostic purposes. Nanoengineering has resulted in the increased use of nanoscale functional materials in biosensors. Various types of nanostructures i.e., 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D, have been intensively employed to enhance biosensor selectivity, limit of detection, sensitivity, and speed of response time to display results. In particular, carbon nanotubes and nanofibers have been extensively employed in electrochemical biosensors, which have become an interdisciplinary frontier between material science and viral disease detection. This review provides an overview of the current research activities in nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensors for diagnostic purposes. The clinical applications of these nanobiosensors are also highlighted, along with a discussion of the future directions for these materials in diagnostics. The aim of this review is to stimulate a broader interest in developing nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensors and improving their applications in disease diagnosis. In this review, we summarize some of the most recent advances achieved in point of care (PoC) electrochemical biosensor applications, focusing on new materials and modifiers enabling biorecognition that have led to improved sensitivity, specificity, stability, and response time.
生物传感器是一种分析工具，可作为临床诊断、食品分析和环境监测中的简单、实时和有效的设备。纳米级功能材料具有独特的性质，如大的表面积与体积比，这使得它们在生物医学诊断中非常有用。纳米工程导致纳米级功能材料在生物传感器中的应用增加。各种类型的纳米结构，即 0D、1D、2D 和 3D，已被广泛用于增强生物传感器的选择性、检测限、灵敏度和响应速度以显示结果。特别是，碳纳米管和纳米纤维已广泛应用于电化学生物传感器中，电化学生物传感器已成为材料科学和病毒病检测之间的交叉学科前沿。本文综述了用于诊断目的的基于纳米纤维的电化学生物传感器的当前研究活动。还强调了这些纳米生物传感器的临床应用，并讨论了这些材料在诊断中的未来方向。本文的目的是激发人们对开发基于纳米纤维的电化学生物传感器的更广泛兴趣，并改善其在疾病诊断中的应用。在本文中，我们总结了一些在即时检测（Point-of-care，PoC）电化学生物传感器应用方面取得的最新进展，重点介绍了新的材料和修饰剂，这些材料和修饰剂能够实现生物识别，从而提高了灵敏度、特异性、稳定性和响应时间。
