One Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America.
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2023 May 16;18(5):e0285705. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285705. eCollection 2023.
In recognition of the interconnected nature of complex challenges such as COVID-19, a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach, referred to as One Health, has been employed to address sustainable development and strengthen global health security. Although significant investments have been made to build global health capacity, characterization of the One Health is absent from the literature.
We collected and analyzed perspectives from students, graduates, workers, and employers in One Health through a multinational online survey across health disciplines and sectors. Respondents were recruited through professional networks. A total of 828 respondents from 66 countries participated, representing governmental and academic institutions and students, among others; 57% were female, and 56% had completed professional health degrees. Interpersonal communication, communication with non-scientific audiences, and the ability to work in transdisciplinary teams were valued in the workplace and were considered essential competencies to build an interdisciplinary health workforce. Employers indicated difficulty recruiting workers, while workers indicated limited availability of positions. Employers identified limited funding and ill-defined career pathways as prominent challenges for retaining One Health workers.
Successful One Health workers use interpersonal skills and scientific knowledge to address complex health challenges. Aligning the definition of One Health will likely improve the matching of job seekers and employers. Encouraging the employment of the One Health approach for a diverse range of positions, even if they do not explicitly include "One Health" in the job title, and clarifying the expectations, roles and responsibilities within a transdisciplinary team will lead to building a stronger workforce. As One Health has evolved to address food insecurity, emerging diseases, and antimicrobial resistance, it holds promise for supporting an interdisciplinary global health workforce that can make substantial progress on Sustainable Development Goals and improve global health security for all.
鉴于 COVID-19 等复杂挑战的相互关联性，人们采用了一种协作的、多部门的、跨学科的方法，即“同一健康”（One Health）来解决可持续发展问题并加强全球卫生安全。尽管已经投入了大量资金来建立全球卫生能力，但文献中并没有对“同一健康”进行特征描述。
我们通过一项跨健康学科和部门的跨国在线调查，收集并分析了来自“同一健康”领域学生、毕业生、工作人员和雇主的观点。通过专业网络招募受访者。共有来自 66 个国家的 828 名受访者参加了调查，其中包括政府和学术机构以及学生等；57%为女性，56%已完成专业健康学位。在工作场所，人际沟通、与非科学受众沟通以及跨学科团队工作的能力受到重视，并被认为是构建跨学科卫生劳动力的必要能力。雇主表示招聘工人困难，而工人则表示职位有限。雇主指出，资金有限和职业道路不明确是留住“同一健康”工作者的突出挑战。
成功的“同一健康”工作者运用人际技能和科学知识来应对复杂的健康挑战。统一“同一健康”的定义可能会提高求职者和雇主之间的匹配度。鼓励将“同一健康”方法应用于各种不同的职位，即使这些职位的工作名称中没有明确包含“同一健康”，并明确跨学科团队内的期望、角色和责任，这将有助于建立一支更强大的劳动力队伍。随着“同一健康”的发展，以解决粮食不安全、新发疾病和抗微生物药物耐药性等问题，它有望为支持一支跨学科的全球卫生劳动力队伍提供支持，该队伍可以在可持续发展目标方面取得实质性进展，并为所有人改善全球卫生安全。
