Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Queretaro, México.
PLoS One. 2023 May 18;18(5):e0284885. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284885. eCollection 2023.
The total or partial loss of teeth in the Mexican population due to periodontal diseases and trauma causes the development of other conditions, such as limitations in chewing and grinding food, pronunciation difficulties, and oral aesthetic alterations. In Mexico, oral diseases have been described to affect 87% of the population, according to reports by the health services, emphasizing that pregnant women and patients with diabetes mellitus have the highest risk of presenting with severe periodontal diseases or tooth loss, according to findings by the Mexican Health Department's Specific Action Program for the prevention, detection, and control of oral health problems (2013-2018). There was a 92.6% prevalence of dental caries in the population examined, and the prevalence of periodontal problems, mainly in 40-year-olds, was above 95%. The objective of this investigation was to manufacture and characterize porous 3D scaffolds with innovative chemical compositions, using phosphate-based bioactive glass, beta-phase tricalcium phosphate, and zirconium oxide, in variable quantities. The scaffold manufacturing method combined two techniques: powder metallurgy and polymer foaming. The results obtained in this research were promising since the mechanically tested scaffolds showed values of compressive strength and modulus of elasticity in the range of human trabecular bone. On the other hand, the in vitro evaluation of the samples immersed in artificial saliva at days 7 and 14 presented the calcium/phosphorus ratio = 1.6; this value is identical to the reported state-of-the-art figure, corresponding to the mineral phase of the bones and teeth. Likewise, the precipitation of the flower-like morphology was observed on the entire surface of the scaffold without zirconia; this morphology is characteristic of hydroxyapatite. On the other hand, the samples with 0.5 and 1.0 mol% zirconia showed less hydroxyapatite formation, with a direct correlation between scaffold dissolution and the amount of zirconia added.
墨西哥人口因牙周病和外伤导致牙齿全部或部分缺失，从而引发其他状况，例如咀嚼和研磨食物的能力受限、发音困难以及口腔美观改变。根据卫生服务部门的报告，墨西哥口腔疾病的发病率为 87%，强调指出孕妇和糖尿病患者发生严重牙周病或牙齿缺失的风险最高，这是墨西哥卫生部预防、发现和控制口腔健康问题的具体行动计划（2013-2018 年）得出的结论。接受检查的人群中龋齿的患病率为 92.6%，牙周问题的患病率，主要在 40 岁人群中，超过 95%。本研究的目的是使用基于磷酸盐的生物活性玻璃、β-磷酸三钙和氧化锆，以不同的比例制造和表征具有创新化学成分的多孔 3D 支架。支架制造方法结合了两种技术：粉末冶金和聚合物发泡。本研究获得了有前景的结果，因为机械测试的支架显示出抗压强度和弹性模量值在人小梁骨的范围内。另一方面，在第 7 天和第 14 天浸入人工唾液的样品的体外评估显示钙/磷比=1.6；该值与报道的现有技术水平一致，对应于骨骼和牙齿的矿物质相。同样，在没有氧化锆的支架整个表面上观察到花状形态的沉淀；这种形态是羟磷灰石的特征。另一方面，含有 0.5 和 1.0 mol%氧化锆的样品显示出较少的羟磷灰石形成，支架溶解量与添加的氧化锆量之间存在直接相关性。
