Naseri Kobra, Salmani Fatemeh, Zeinali Mohammad, Zeinali Tayebeh
Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Toxicol Rep. 2020 Dec 25;8:53-59. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.12.012. eCollection 2021.
The present study aimed to determine the average concentration of some metals, including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) in the chicken, hen's liver, and gizzard in the east of Iran. Estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) were calculated. In this cross-sectional study, fifty one samples including chicken, hen's liver and gizzard were obtained from Birjand, Iran. Measurement of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb was carried out by using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). All of the measured metals were detected in 100 % of the samples. The metals had a different distribution pattern. The highest concentration of Cd and Cu was in the liver samples while the Cr and Ni had the highest levels in the chicken. Pb concentration was at the highest level in the gizzard. The least amount of Cr, Ni, and Pb was found in the liver while Cu had the least content in the muscle. EDI had an acceptable level, but the highest daily intake of all studied metals was through muscle. Cr had the highest THQ and it was more than one in the meat. HI in chicken was more than one. Liver and gizzard of hens had a neglectable HI. CR was neglectable in the case of both Cd and Pb, but it was considerable for Cr and Ni. The consumption of chicken in both adults and children may pose a significant health risk for consumers.
本研究旨在测定伊朗东部鸡肉、鸡肝和鸡胗中镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）和铅（Pb）等一些金属的平均浓度。计算了估计每日摄入量（EDI）、目标危害商（THQ）、危害指数（HI）和致癌风险（CR）。在这项横断面研究中，从伊朗比尔詹德采集了51份鸡肉、鸡肝和鸡胗样本。采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP - OES）测定Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni和Pb。所有被测金属在100%的样本中均被检测到。这些金属具有不同的分布模式。Cd和Cu的最高浓度出现在肝脏样本中，而Cr和Ni在鸡肉中的含量最高。Pb浓度在鸡胗中最高。肝脏中Cr、Ni和Pb的含量最少，而肌肉中Cu的含量最少。EDI处于可接受水平，但所有研究金属的最高每日摄入量来自肌肉。Cr的THQ最高，在肉中超过1。鸡肉中的HI大于1。母鸡的肝脏和鸡胗的HI可忽略不计。Cd和Pb的CR可忽略不计，但Cr和Ni的CR相当可观。成人和儿童食用鸡肉都可能给消费者带来重大健康风险。
