Department of Technology and Society, Lund University Faculty of Engineering, Lund, Sweden
Department of Technology and Society, Lund University Faculty of Engineering, Lund, Sweden.
BMJ Health Care Inform. 2023 May;30(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjhci-2022-100712.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly tested and integrated into breast cancer screening. Still, there are unresolved issues regarding its possible ethical, social and legal impacts. Furthermore, the perspectives of different actors are lacking. This study investigates the views of breast radiologists on AI-supported mammography screening, with a focus on attitudes, perceived benefits and risks, accountability of AI use, and potential impact on the profession.
We conducted an online survey of Swedish breast radiologists. As early adopter of breast cancer screening, and digital technologies, Sweden is a particularly interesting case to study. The survey had different themes, including: attitudes and responsibilities pertaining to AI, and AI's impact on the profession. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analyses. Free texts and comments were analysed using an inductive approach.
Overall, respondents (47/105, response rate 44.8%) were highly experienced in breast imaging and had a mixed knowledge of AI. A majority (n=38, 80.8%) were positive/somewhat positive towards integrating AI in mammography screening. Still, many considered there to be potential risks to a high/somewhat high degree (n=16, 34.1%) or were uncertain (n=16, 34.0%). Several important uncertainties were identified, such as defining liable actor(s) when AI is integrated into medical decision-making.
Swedish breast radiologists are largely positive towards integrating AI in mammography screening, but there are significant uncertainties that need to be addressed, especially regarding risks and responsibilities. The results stress the importance of understanding actor-specific and context-specific challenges to responsible implementation of AI in healthcare.
人工智能（AI）正越来越多地在乳腺癌筛查中进行测试和整合。然而，其可能带来的伦理、社会和法律影响仍存在未解决的问题。此外，不同利益相关者的观点也缺乏。本研究调查了乳腺放射科医生对 AI 支持的乳腺 X 线摄影筛查的看法，重点关注态度、感知的益处和风险、AI 使用的责任以及对专业的潜在影响。
我们对瑞典的乳腺放射科医生进行了在线调查。由于瑞典是乳腺癌筛查和数字技术的早期采用者，因此是研究这一问题的一个特别有趣的案例。该调查有不同的主题，包括：与 AI 相关的态度和责任，以及 AI 对专业的影响。使用描述性统计和相关分析对答复进行了分析。对自由文本和评论采用了归纳法进行分析。
总体而言，受访者（47/105，回复率为 44.8%）在乳腺成像方面经验丰富，对 AI 的了解程度参差不齐。大多数（n=38，80.8%）对将 AI 整合到乳腺 X 线摄影筛查中持积极/有些积极的态度。尽管如此，许多人认为存在高度/有些高度的潜在风险（n=16，34.1%）或不确定（n=16，34.0%）。确定了一些重要的不确定性，例如在将 AI 整合到医疗决策中时，定义负有责任的行为者。
瑞典的乳腺放射科医生在很大程度上对将 AI 整合到乳腺 X 线摄影筛查中持积极态度，但存在重大的不确定性需要解决，特别是关于风险和责任。研究结果强调了理解 AI 在医疗保健中负责任实施的特定于行为者和特定于情境的挑战的重要性。
